Development of orofacial structures include:
palate, nasal septum, nasal cavity, and tongue.
When does the orofacial structures develope?
4-12th week of development
5th to 6th week:
primary palate
intermaxillary segment from fused medial nasal processes
6th to 12th week:
secondary palate: fused palatal shelves from max processes.
12th week:
final palate: fusion of all 3 processes
How is the palate development completed?
by fusion of swellings from different surfaces of the embryo meet and join.
The primary palate has partial seperation between:
the developing oral cavity and nasal cavity
Anterior one third of the hard palate:
primary palate will form the premaxillary part of the maxilla
Contains the incisive foramen and max anterior teeth
During the 6th week bilateral maxillary processes give rise to:
Palatal shelves
*they grow inferiorly and deep on the inside of the stomodeum in a vertical direction, along both sides of the tongue
the _________ is forming on the floor of the primitive pharynx and it initially fills the common nasal and oral cavity.
Tongue
*as muscles of the tongue are forming it then can move out of the way of the developing shelves to avoid fusion.
How is the secondary palate formed?
palatal shelves flip up due to tongue movement and are now located horizontally above the tongue, they elongate fuse together to form the secondary palate.
The secondary palate will give rise to:
posterior two thirds of the hard palate which contains certain anterior maxillary teeth and posterior teeth all located posterior to the incisive foramen
*also gives rise to the soft palate and its uvula.
To complete the palate formation:
the posterior part of the primary palate meet the secondary palate due to increased growth, and these structures fuse.
What is the line of fusion of the palatal shelves:
Median palatine raphe
When is fusion of the palate complete?
by the 12th week, all 3 processes completely fuse together, now the oral cavity is separated from the nasal cavity which is begun to develop its septum.
_______ ________ is failure of fusion of the palatal shelves with varying degrees of disability.
Cleft palate
______ ______ is the least complicated form of cleft palate
Cleft Uvula
______ ______ is the small white papule seen in the midline of the palate, it is epithelial tissue that becomes trapped during palatal fusion.
Epstein Pearl
Nasal Cavity and nasal septum is formed the same time as the palate during the :
5th -12th week
*it will later serve as part of the respiratory system
Nasal septum forms from the growth of the:
Median nasal process
The nasal septum fuses with the :
final palate
Deviated Septum:
occurs when a thin wall that makes ip the nasal septum is displaced to one side of the nose
Nasal Septum seperates the:
nasal cavities
Tongue develops during the:
4th to 8th week
What does the tongue develop from?
swellings located in the pharynx formed by the first four branchial arches
Tongue development fourth to eighth week:
Body of the tongue: tuberculum impar and lateral lingual swellings appear
base of the tongue: copula overgrowing second brachial arches
Tongue development during week 8:
completed tongue: merging anterior swelling of the body and copula of base
____ _____ ____ is a superficial demarcation of the line of fusion of the two lateral swellings as well as a deeper fibrous structure
Median lingual sulcus
around lingual swelling cells begin to degenerate freeing the body of the tongue from the floor of the mouth besides the :
median lingual frenum
Posterior swelling of the tongue, that gradually overgrows the hyiod arch and forms the posterior one third of the mature tongue also known as:
the base of the tongue
even more posterior to the Copula is a projection of a third median swelling known as the _______ _____, these swelling marks develop the posterior region of the tongue and future site of the epiglottis.
epiglottic swelling
complete fusion of the tongue is demarcated but the _____ _____ in the dorsal surface of the tongue forming a V shape separating the base of the tongue and its body
sulcus termanalis
posterior to the sulcus termanalis we have a pit like depression which is the beginning of the thyroglossal duct:
Foramen cecum
This duct shows the origin of the thyroid gland and the migration pathway of the thyroid gland into the neck region:
Thyroglossal duct
Completion of the tongue formation:
forms a connection between the thyroid gland development and its final location. This duct later closes off and becomes obliterated before birth unless it undergoes cystic transformation.
__________ is sometimes described as tongue tied, short attachment of the lingual frenum that extends to the tongue apex.
ankylglossia
Development of orofacial structures include:
palate, nasal septum, nasal cavity, and tongue.
When does the orofacial structures develope?
4-12th week of development
5th to 6th week:
primary palate
intermaxillary segment from fused medial nasal processes
6th to 12th week:
secondary palate: fused palatal shelves from max processes.
12th week:
final palate: fusion of all 3 processes
How is the palate development completed?
by fusion of swellings from different surfaces of the embryo meet and join.
The primary palate has partial seperation between:
the developing oral cavity and nasal cavity
Anterior one third of the hard palate:
primary palate will form the premaxillary part of the maxilla
Contains the incisive foramen and max anterior teeth
During the 6th week bilateral maxillary processes give rise to:
Palatal shelves
*they grow inferiorly and deep on the inside of the stomodeum in a vertical direction, along both sides of the tongue
the _________ is forming on the floor of the primitive pharynx and it initially fills the common nasal and oral cavity.
Tongue
*as muscles of the tongue are forming it then can move out of the way of the developing shelves to avoid fusion.
How is the secondary palate formed?
palatal shelves flip up due to tongue movement and are now located horizontally above the tongue, they elongate fuse together to form the secondary palate.
The secondary palate will give rise to:
posterior two thirds of the hard palate which contains certain anterior maxillary teeth and posterior teeth all located posterior to the incisive foramen
*also gives rise to the soft palate and its uvula.
To complete the palate formation:
the posterior part of the primary palate meet the secondary palate due to increased growth, and these structures fuse.
What is the line of fusion of the palatal shelves:
Median palatine raphe
When is fusion of the palate complete?
by the 12th week, all 3 processes completely fuse together, now the oral cavity is separated from the nasal cavity which is begun to develop its septum.
_______ ________ is failure of fusion of the palatal shelves with varying degrees of disability.
Cleft palate
______ ______ is the least complicated form of cleft palate
Cleft Uvula
______ ______ is the small white papule seen in the midline of the palate, it is epithelial tissue that becomes trapped during palatal fusion.
Epstein Pearl
Nasal Cavity and nasal septum is formed the same time as the palate during the :
5th -12th week
*it will later serve as part of the respiratory system
Nasal septum forms from the growth of the:
Median nasal process
The nasal septum fuses with the :
final palate
Deviated Septum:
occurs when a thin wall that makes ip the nasal septum is displaced to one side of the nose
Nasal Septum seperates the:
nasal cavities
Tongue develops during the:
4th to 8th week
What does the tongue develop from?
swellings located in the pharynx formed by the first four branchial arches
Tongue development fourth to eighth week:
Body of the tongue: tuberculum impar and lateral lingual swellings appear
base of the tongue: copula overgrowing second brachial arches
Tongue development during week 8:
completed tongue: merging anterior swelling of the body and copula of base
____ _____ ____ is a superficial demarcation of the line of fusion of the two lateral swellings as well as a deeper fibrous structure
Median lingual sulcus
around lingual swelling cells begin to degenerate freeing the body of the tongue from the floor of the mouth besides the :
median lingual frenum
Posterior swelling of the tongue, that gradually overgrows the hyiod arch and forms the posterior one third of the mature tongue also known as:
the base of the tongue
even more posterior to the Copula is a projection of a third median swelling known as the _______ _____, these swelling marks develop the posterior region of the tongue and future site of the epiglottis.
epiglottic swelling
complete fusion of the tongue is demarcated but the _____ _____ in the dorsal surface of the tongue forming a V shape separating the base of the tongue and its body
sulcus termanalis
posterior to the sulcus termanalis we have a pit like depression which is the beginning of the thyroglossal duct:
Foramen cecum
This duct shows the origin of the thyroid gland and the migration pathway of the thyroid gland into the neck region:
Thyroglossal duct
Completion of the tongue formation:
forms a connection between the thyroid gland development and its final location. This duct later closes off and becomes obliterated before birth unless it undergoes cystic transformation.
__________ is sometimes described as tongue tied, short attachment of the lingual frenum that extends to the tongue apex.
ankylglossia