Articulation and Language Test 2

early stages of speech development

reflexive crying and vegetative noises, cooing and laughing, vocal play, canonical babbling, jargon

reflexive crying and vegetative

non speech sounds such as gurgling
birth - 2months

cooing and laughing

initial vocalized speech sounds
2-4months

vocal play

the transition to prodcution of speech sounds in which a variety of different consonants and vowel sounds are produced - includes the expansion stage during which the infant produces an increasing variety of speech sounds and begins stringing a series of

canonical babbling

reduplicated= similar strings of syllables (bababa) CV
non reduplicated= strings of variegated syllables (badidago) CVC
6m - 1y (first word)

jargon

strings of babbled uterances containing intonation, rhythm and pauses (the prosody of language) often with eye contact and gestures
10m +

phonemic awareness

ability to hear, identify, and manipulate phonemes in single words

phonological awareness

understanding of the sound/phonological structure of a spoken word in contrast to written words
three components: syllable awareness, onset-rime awareness, and phoneme awareness

syllable awareness

knowledge that a word can be divided into parts (syllables)
includes: identification, matching, completion, segmentation, blending and substitution
I MET CONNOR SMITH BY SUBWAY

onset-rime awareness

knowledge that words share a common ending part but different initial sounds
includes: judgement, oddity, and generation
JOG

judgement

discriminating paried words that rhyme and dont rhyme

oddity

identifying the non rhyming word from a set

generation

producing a rhyming word when given a model/set

phoneme

smallest unit of speech sound production

phonetics

study of speech, emphasizing the description and classification of speech sounds according to their production transmission and perceptual features

phonological processes

developmentally based error patterns. certain patterns are typical at certain ages and are noticeably consistent.

speech

communication or expression in spoken words

fluency

speech flow (rate/rhythm)

voice

vocal parameters of speech (quality, pitch, intensity, resonance)

articulation

grounded in SPEECH MOTOR THEORY
phoneme perception, phoneme production, and phoneme development

phonology

grounded in LINGUISTIC THEORY
set of sounds contained within a language
rules for combining speech sounds in syllables words and sentences, phonological development.

motor speech theory

complex motor speech act - a specific set of neurologically planned, coordinated and sequentially timed motor movements, for a specific speech production at the phoneme, syllable, word, phrase, and multi phrase levels.

linguistic theory

focus on speech production as a function of the sound system of language and its rule system
involves: underlying rule system for speech production, comprehension and expression of speech

respiratory system

produces airstream. lungs are primary, but rely on the interaction of the diaphragm and airways.

laryngeal system

produces the "noise" for speech. vocal folds vibrate (adducting & abducting) as the airstream moves through.

articulatory system

shapes the "noise" of speech. Oral pharyngeal, and nasal cavities, interacting with varied configurations of the lips, teeth, tongue, palate, velum, and cheeks.

bilabials

p,b,m,w

labiodental

f,v

interdental

? (thought), ? (this)

lingua-alveolar

t,n,d

palato-alveolar

s, z, t? , d?, l, j

palatal

? (sh), ? (zh), r

velar

g, k, h, ?

plosive/stop

short bursts of energy; complete brief restriction of airway with abrupt release - p, b, d, t, k, g

nasal

sound produced through the nose - m, n, ?

fricative/strident

continuous sound, incomplete restriction of the airway - f, v, s, z, ?, ?, h

affricate

combination of a plosive + fricative - t?, d?

liquid

voicing and limited restriction of airflow - l, r

glide

voicing and tongue movement with limited restriction of airflow - j, w

voiced

b, d, g, m, n, ?, v, z, ?, d?� ?, l, r, j, w

voiceless

p, t, k, f, s, ?, ?, t?, h

deaf babies dont produce

canonical babbling

echolalia

usually is relation to autism spectrum disorder
9-12 months - later in babbling stage