Veterinary Medical Terminology Chapter 1- Ready, Set, Go

combining form

combination of the root and the combining vowel

combining vowel

vowel (usually o) that is added to the end of the root to make the word easier to pronounce

root

word part that gives the essential meaning of the word

leuk/o

combining form for white

pan

Prefix meaning all

prefix

word part found at the beginning of a word. Usually indicates number, location, time or status

A-

without or no

An-

without or no

Ad-

means toward.
Contrasting Prefix: Ab

Anti-

means against

Eu-

means good, easy or normal
Contrasting Prefix: Dys-

Ex- or Exo_

Means without, out of , outside or away from
Contrasting Prefix: Endo-

Ecto-

means outside
Contrasting Prefix: Endo-

Hypo-

means depressed, lower, or less than normal
Contrasting Prefix: Hyper-

Intra-

means within
Contrasting Prefix: Inter

Oligo-

means scant or little
Contrasting Prefix: Poly

Post-

means after
Contrasting Prefix: Pre

Super- or Supra-

means above, beyond, excessive
Contrasting Prefix: Sub-

Ab-

means away from
Contrasting Prefix: Ad-

Dys-

means difficult, painful or bad
Contrasting Prefix: Eu

Endo-

means within or inside
Contrasting Prefix: Ex- or Exo-

Hyper-

means elevated, higher, or more than normal
Contrasting Prefix: Hypo

Inter-

means between
Contrasting Prefix: Intra-

Poly-

means many or excessive
Contrasting Prefix: Oligo-

Pre-

means before
Contrasting Prefix: Post-

Sub-

means below, under or less.
Contrasting Prefix: Super- or Supra-

Peri-

means around.

Intra -

within

Super-

above,increased or more than normal

Hyper -

above,increased or more than normal

Inter -

between

Sub -

below, under, or decreased

Epi -

upper

Extra -

outside

Hypo -

below, under, or decreased

Infra -

below or beneath

Meta -

beyond

Per -

throughout

Trans -

across

Ultra -

above, increased, or more than normal

Supra-

above, increased, or more than normal.

-algia" as in arthralgia or "-dynia" as in arthrodynia

~pain
~ joint pain

-itis" as in hepatitis

~inflammation
~ inflammation of the liver

-malacia" as in osteomalacia

~abnormal softening
~ abnormal softening of bone

-megaly" as in cardiomegaly

~enlargement
~enlargement of the heart

-osis" as in cardiosis

~abnormal condition
~abnormal condition of the heart

-pathy" as in enteropathy

~disease
~disease of the small intestine

-sclerosis" as in arteriosclerosis

~abnormal hardening
~abnormal hardening of the heart

-um" as in paricardium

~structure
~the structure of the heart

-centesis" as in cystocentesis

~surgically puncture to remove fluid or gas.
~a surgical puncture of the urinary bladder with a needle to remove fluid (urine)

-gram" as in electrocardiogram

~record of
~the electrocardiographic hard copy record

-graph" as in electrocardiograph

~instrument that records (or used as a record)
~the machine that records the electrical activity of the heart

-graphy" as in electrocardiography

~the procedure that records
~the procedure used to record the electrical activity of the heart

-lysis" as in urinlysis

~separation or breakdown
~separation of the urin into its constituents

-scope" as in endoscope

~instrument to visually examine
~instrument used to visually examine inside the body

-scopy" as in endoscopy

~procedure to visually examine
~the procedure of visually examining inside the body

-therapy" as in chemotherapy

~treatment
~treatment with chemical substances or drugs

-rrhagia" or "-rrhage" as in hemorrhage

~bursting forth
~bursting forth of blood from the vessels

rrhaphy" as in enterorrhaphy

~to suture
~suturing of the intestines

-rrhexis" as in myorrhexis

~rupture
~rupture of the muscle

-ectomy" as in mastectomy

surgical removal
surgical removal of the breast or mammary glands

-pexy" as in gastropexy

suture to stabilize
surgically stapling the stomach to the abdominal wall

-plasty" as in rhinoplasty

surgically repair
surgically repair of the nose

-stomy" as in colostomy

surgically created opening
surgically created opening between the colon and the body surface

-tomy" as in laparotomy

cutting into
incision into the abdomen

-ac"= cardiac

pertaining to heart

-al" as in renal

pertaining to kidney

-ic", as in enteric

pertaining to the intestines

-an" as in ovarian

pertaining to ovary

-ar" as in lumbar

pertaining to loin or lower back

-eal" as in laryngeal

pertaining to laryngeal

-ine" as in uterine

pertaining to uterus

-ous" as in cutaneous

pertaining to the skin

-tic" as in necrotic

pertaining to kidneys

combining form

combination of the root and the combining vowel

combining vowel

vowel (usually o) that is added to the end of the root to make the word easier to pronounce

root

word part that gives the essential meaning of the word

leuk/o

combining form for white

pan

Prefix meaning all

prefix

word part found at the beginning of a word. Usually indicates number, location, time or status

A-

without or no

An-

without or no

Ad-

means toward.
Contrasting Prefix: Ab

Anti-

means against

Eu-

means good, easy or normal
Contrasting Prefix: Dys-

Ex- or Exo_

Means without, out of , outside or away from
Contrasting Prefix: Endo-

Ecto-

means outside
Contrasting Prefix: Endo-

Hypo-

means depressed, lower, or less than normal
Contrasting Prefix: Hyper-

Intra-

means within
Contrasting Prefix: Inter

Oligo-

means scant or little
Contrasting Prefix: Poly

Post-

means after
Contrasting Prefix: Pre

Super- or Supra-

means above, beyond, excessive
Contrasting Prefix: Sub-

Ab-

means away from
Contrasting Prefix: Ad-

Dys-

means difficult, painful or bad
Contrasting Prefix: Eu

Endo-

means within or inside
Contrasting Prefix: Ex- or Exo-

Hyper-

means elevated, higher, or more than normal
Contrasting Prefix: Hypo

Inter-

means between
Contrasting Prefix: Intra-

Poly-

means many or excessive
Contrasting Prefix: Oligo-

Pre-

means before
Contrasting Prefix: Post-

Sub-

means below, under or less.
Contrasting Prefix: Super- or Supra-

Peri-

means around.

Intra -

within

Super-

above,increased or more than normal

Hyper -

above,increased or more than normal

Inter -

between

Sub -

below, under, or decreased

Epi -

upper

Extra -

outside

Hypo -

below, under, or decreased

Infra -

below or beneath

Meta -

beyond

Per -

throughout

Trans -

across

Ultra -

above, increased, or more than normal

Supra-

above, increased, or more than normal.

-algia" as in arthralgia or "-dynia" as in arthrodynia

~pain
~ joint pain

-itis" as in hepatitis

~inflammation
~ inflammation of the liver

-malacia" as in osteomalacia

~abnormal softening
~ abnormal softening of bone

-megaly" as in cardiomegaly

~enlargement
~enlargement of the heart

-osis" as in cardiosis

~abnormal condition
~abnormal condition of the heart

-pathy" as in enteropathy

~disease
~disease of the small intestine

-sclerosis" as in arteriosclerosis

~abnormal hardening
~abnormal hardening of the heart

-um" as in paricardium

~structure
~the structure of the heart

-centesis" as in cystocentesis

~surgically puncture to remove fluid or gas.
~a surgical puncture of the urinary bladder with a needle to remove fluid (urine)

-gram" as in electrocardiogram

~record of
~the electrocardiographic hard copy record

-graph" as in electrocardiograph

~instrument that records (or used as a record)
~the machine that records the electrical activity of the heart

-graphy" as in electrocardiography

~the procedure that records
~the procedure used to record the electrical activity of the heart

-lysis" as in urinlysis

~separation or breakdown
~separation of the urin into its constituents

-scope" as in endoscope

~instrument to visually examine
~instrument used to visually examine inside the body

-scopy" as in endoscopy

~procedure to visually examine
~the procedure of visually examining inside the body

-therapy" as in chemotherapy

~treatment
~treatment with chemical substances or drugs

-rrhagia" or "-rrhage" as in hemorrhage

~bursting forth
~bursting forth of blood from the vessels

rrhaphy" as in enterorrhaphy

~to suture
~suturing of the intestines

-rrhexis" as in myorrhexis

~rupture
~rupture of the muscle

-ectomy" as in mastectomy

surgical removal
surgical removal of the breast or mammary glands

-pexy" as in gastropexy

suture to stabilize
surgically stapling the stomach to the abdominal wall

-plasty" as in rhinoplasty

surgically repair
surgically repair of the nose

-stomy" as in colostomy

surgically created opening
surgically created opening between the colon and the body surface

-tomy" as in laparotomy

cutting into
incision into the abdomen

-ac"= cardiac

pertaining to heart

-al" as in renal

pertaining to kidney

-ic", as in enteric

pertaining to the intestines

-an" as in ovarian

pertaining to ovary

-ar" as in lumbar

pertaining to loin or lower back

-eal" as in laryngeal

pertaining to laryngeal

-ine" as in uterine

pertaining to uterus

-ous" as in cutaneous

pertaining to the skin

-tic" as in necrotic

pertaining to kidneys