Joints- ROM

Tempormandibular Joint (TMJ)

-open mouth maximally: vertical motion
-partially open mouth, protrude lower jaw, and move it side to side: lateral motion, about 1-2 cm
-stick out lower jaw: protrude without deviation

cervical spine

-touch chin to chest: flexion 45 degrees
-lift chin towards ceiling: hyperextension 55 degrees
-touch each ear toward corresponding shoulder: lateral bending 45 degrees
-turn the chin toward each shoulder: rotation 70 degrees

shoulder

-with arms at sides and elbows extended, move both arms forward and up in wide vertical arcs and then move them back: forward flexion of 180 degrees, hyperextension up to 50 degrees
- rotate arms internally behind back; place back of hands as high as poss

elbow

-bend and straighten elbow: flexion of 150-160 degrees, extension of 0 degrees
-hold the hand midway; then touch front and back sides of hand to table: movement of 90 degrees in pronation and supination

wrist and hand

-bend hand up at wrist: hyperextension of 70 degrees
-bend hand down at wrist: palmar flexion of 90 degrees
-bend fingers up and down at metacarpophalangeal joints: flexion of 90 degrees, hyperextension of 30 degrees
-with palms flat on table, turn them o

hip

-raise each leg with knee extended: hip flexion of 90 degrees
-bend each knee up to the chest while keeping the other leg straight: hip flexion of 120 degrees. the opposite thigh should remain on the table
-flex knee and hip to 90 degrees. stabilize by ho

knee

-bend each knee: flexion of 130-159 degrees
-extend each knee: straight line of 0 degrees
-ambulation: no assistance needed
-duck walk: ligaments intact

ankle and foot

-point toes toward floor: plantar flexion of 45 degrees
-point toes toward nose: dorsiflexion of 20 degrees
-turn soles of feet out then in: eversion of 20 degrees, inversion of 30 degrees
-flex and straighten toes

spine

-bend sideways: lateral bending of 35 degrees
-bend backward: hyperextension of 30 degrees
-twist shoulders to one side, then the other: rotation of 30 degrees bilaterally