Capillaries
Thin walls that permit exchange of oxygen, C02, Nutrients and waste products with body cells
Heart
4 Chambered pump the size of your fist
Upper Chambers
Atrium receive blood from the body
Lower Chambers
Ventricles pump blood out
Arteries
Carry Oxygenated blood away from the heart
Veins
Carry deoxygenated blood to the heart
Atheroscierosis
A circulatory impairment that often reduces blood flow and limits the heart blood and oxygen supply. A condition known as ischemia
Myocardial Infarction
Heart Attack, normal blood supply being blocked from the heart
Tachycardia
Abnormally fast heart beat
Bradycardia
Abnormally slow heart beat
2 Types of Strokes
Ischemic and Hemorrhagic
Systolic Pressure
The first number, the pressure applied to the walls of the arteries when the heart contracts
Diastolic Pressure
The second number, the pressure applied to the walls of the arteries during the hearts relaxation phase
Hypertension
Sustained high blood pressure
Angina
Caused by reduced oxygen flow to the heart, often feels like pressure or squeezing in the chest or pain in the shoulders, arm, neck, jaw or back
Reduce the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease
avoid tobacco use, modify dietary habits, exercise regularly, manage stress levels and psychological factors, maintain a healthy weight, control diabetes and blood pressure
Benign
Enclosed in a fibrous shell or capsule that prevents spreading to the rest of the body. Non Cancerous
Malignant
Not enclosed in a protective capsule so they can spread to other parts of the body. Cancerous
Categories of Cancer
Carcinomas, Sarcomas, Lymphomas, Leukemia
Carcinomas
tissue covering body surfaces
Sarcomas
middle layers of skin tissue
Lymphomas
Develop in lymphatic system
Leukemia
cancer in the blood
Specific Types of Cancer That Are More Commonly Diagnosed
Breast Cancer, Lung Cancer, Colon/Rectal Cancer, Skin Cancer, Prostate Cancer, Testicular Cancer
Colon and Rectal Cancer
3rd most commonly diagnosed cancer In men and women, 2nd leading cause of cancer deaths, rates of death declining
Breast Cancer
A group a diseases that cause uncontrolled cell growth in the breast tissue, particularly in the glands that produce milk and the ducts that connect those glands to the nipple
Skin Cancer
Most common form of cancer, affecting over a million people, 1 in 5 adults
Lung Cancer
The leading cause of death for cancer in the United States
Risk Factors of Diabetes
Being Overweight or obese, Having a parent, brother or sister with diabetes. Being African American, American Indian, Asian American, Pacific Islander, Or Hispanic American heritage Having a prior history of gestational diabetes or birth of at least one baby weighing more than 9 pounds.Having high blood pressure measuring 140/90 or higher.Having abnormal cholesterol with HDL ("good") cholesterol is 35 or lower, or triglyceride level is 250 or higher.Being physically inactive�exercising fewer than three times a week.
Symptoms of Diabetes
Thirst, Excessive Urination, Weight Loss, Fatigue, Nerve Damage, Blurred Vision, Poor Wound Healing, Increased Infection
Diabetes Treatment
Weight Loss, Exercise, Pay Attention to foods glycemic index and glycemic load
Epidemiology
The distribution and determinants of health related states and events in specified populations
How to identify a Stroke
Face drooping, Arm weakness, Speech difficulty
Heart Attach Symptoms
Chest discomfort, Discomfort in upper body areas, Shortness of breath, nausea or lightheadedness
Factors that can lead to Coronary Heart Disease
Age, Sex, Family History, Smoking, High Blood Pressure, High Blood Cholesterol, Diabetes, Overweight or Obesity
Melanoma
Most dangerous form of skin cancer, develop when unrepaired DNA damage to skin cells triggers mutations, Look like moles can grow larger and have an abnormal color or shape. most likely to form on chest and back
Basal Cell
Most frequently Occurring Form of Skin Cancer, abnormal, uncontrolled growth or lessons that arise in the skins deepest layer of the skin. Look like a small pearly bump or flesh colored mole that doesn't go away
Squamous cell Carcinomas
2nd most common form of skin cancer. Usually found on areas of the body damaged by UV rays. Appear as persistent, thick, rough, scaly patches that may bleed
ABCDE Rule
Asymmetry, Border Irregularity, Color, Diameter
Natural Immunity
Natural immunity does not require prior sensitization to an antigen.
Artificial Immunity
an be induced by a vaccine, a substance that contains antigen
Innate Immunity
1st and 2nd line of defense
Adaptive Immunity
3rd line of defense
Viral STDs
HIV, Genital Herpes, Genital Warts(HPV), Hepatitis B
Bacterial STDs
Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, Syphilis
Trichomoniasis
Caused by parasites
Disease Causing Pathogens
Bacteria, Viruses, Fungi, Protozoa
Violence
A serious public health problem in the United States that ranges from infants to elderly, affects all stages of life
Types of Violence
Child Abuse, Violence by spouse, rape, assault, harassment, suicide, bullying, gang, peer
Stalking
conduct directed at a person that would cause a reasonable person to feel fear
Sexual Harassment
unwelcome sexual conduct related to any condition of employment or evaluation of student performance
Emotional/Physical abuse
In an intimate relationship this may include constant criticism, verbal attacks, display of anger, or controlling tendancys
Social Contributors to Sexual Violence
Minimization, Trivialization, Blaming the Victim, Male Misconceptions, Situational Factors
Communicable Diseases
Spread to other people and they are caused by viral, bacterial, or fungi infections
Noncommunicable Diseases
Also known as non- infectious disease, are not transferred and are typically caused by heredity, deficiencies in neutron or factors involving the environment
Examples of Non Communicable diseases
Respiratory Disorders, Diabetes, Headaches, Arthritis, Skin Disorders, Neurological Disorders, Cancer, Cardiovascular Disease/Disorders
Types Rape
Aggravated, Simple, Marital, Aquaintance
3 keys to good communication
Self Disclosure, Listening, Feedback