What is the process of conveying feelings, attitudes, facts, beliefs, and ideas between individuals, either verbally or non verbally, in such a way that the message intended is understood.
Communication
When two people talk, six possible messages can get through:
1. What you mean to say
2. What you actually say
3. What the other person hears
4. What the other person thinks he hears
5. What the other person says about what you said
6. What you think the other person said about what you said
We have to have something to communicate.
The idea
The sender forms a mental picture of that message and then organizes and translates this picture into symbols.
Encoding
Refers to the means by which the encoded communication is to be made, or the channel through which the message must pass from the sender to the receiver.
Transmission
The receiver has to be attentive so he or she can receive the message.
Receiving
This is done by the receiver. The message must be interpreted and translated into meaning.
Decoding
The receiver must decode the information, and hopefully, interpret as the sender meant it to be.
Understanding
The process by which the sender clarifies how his or her message is being received and interpreted. It becomes a message, and the sender and receiver switch roles
Feedback
This is anything that interferes with communication and distorts the impact of the message.
Noise
noise�traffic, television, temperature, etc.
External noise
noise�headache, lack of sleep, daydreaming, etc.
Internal noise
What is an intellectual and emotional process that integrates physical, emotional, and intellectual inputs in a search for meaning and understanding.
Listening
A form of paying attention, which is an active process involving much more than hearing and seeing.
Listening
How much of communication is ignored, misunderstood, or quickly forgotten
75%
After most people have listened to someone talk, how much do they remeber of what they have heard
they remembers only about one?half of what they have heard.
Within eight hours, how much of what we hear did we forget?
we tend to forget one?third to one?half more
What is a word used to describe the physiological sensory process by which auditory sensations are received by the ears and transmitted to the brain.
Hearing
According to who, when another person speaks, we're usually listening at one of four levels:
Stephen Covey
not really listening at all
Ignoring
yeah, uh?huh, right
Pretending
Attending to only parts of the conversation
Selective
paying attention and focusing energy on the words that are being said
Attentive
listening with the intent to understand
Empathetic Listening
This consists of prejudices, past experiences, hopes, and anxieties. Everything we hear, see, or read is interpreted
Internal psychological filter
Sometimes we enter a conversation or situation with a special interest in mind, a grudge, or chip on?the?shoulder that may interfere with how we relate or communicate within the group
Hidden agenda
Sometimes we are so involved with our own little world that we don't pay attention to what others are really saying.
Preoccupation and Lack of Interest
Techniques for Improving Listening Skills:
1. Allow the speaker to speak freely
2. Listen to the speaker and ignore distractions
3. Avoid preoccupation with your own thoughts
4. Use verbal following or minimal encourages
5. Avoid all initial judgment
6. Try to listen for more than just the spoken
This response means to see the expressed idea, attitude, or problem from the other person's point of view; to sense how it feels to the sender, and achieve the sender's frame of reference in regard to the thing he or she is talking about.
Listening
Practice the habit of inclining your body toward the speaker rather than leaning back.
Develop a posture of involvement
This is an invitation for the other person to say more
Make use of door openers.
. Provide indication that you are still listening.
Use minimal encouragements
Paraphrase or state the essence of the other's content in your own words, focusing on facts and ideas rather than the emotions the sender is expressing.
Respond reflectively.
When possible, mirror back to the speaker the emotion which he or she is communicating. Active listening is also an excellent tool to use in "heated" discussions
Respond reflectively.
Many people say that more than sixty-five percent of our communication is by
Non verbal
Nonverbal communication relates to verbal communication in three ways:
It can reinforce the verbal message.
It can replace the verbal message.
It can contradict the verbal message
When the nonverbal message contradicts the verbal message, which message is more trusted
the non-verbal message is the most trusted.
More than any other nonverbal factor,what can communicate more emotional meaning more accurately.
Facial expressions and eye contact
What part of the face is the most expressive?
Eyes
What is the study of kinds of cues such as pitch, rate, tone, fluency, etc.
Paralinguistics
Any what may have a meaning or can be interpreted as having a meaning
Gestures and other body movements
? One of the most meaningful methods of nonverbal communication
Touching
The invisible bubble around us. Edward Hall defined four distances that we use in everyday life
Personal space and distance
from the body to 18 inches out.
Intimate Distance
from 18 inches to about 4 feet; we will allow our friends into this area.
Personal Distance
from 4 to 12 feet.
Social Distance
from 12 feet on out.
Public Distance
Characteristics in a physical environment that make you feel comfortable or uncomfortable.
Physical environment and territory
What we wear and how we groom ourselves is very important in the communication process. Keep in mind that this differs among cultures as well.
Clothing and personal appearance
The study of meaning and changes of meaning of words.
Semantics
We often make the mistake that we think that others understand us and many times they don't.
Assumptions
The most important single factor affecting our communication with others is our what?
Self?Concept
Words stated may not be as important as the way in which we catch these words.
Emotion?packed phrases
-Who are likely to speak and hear a language of "status and independence." use language to challenge others, to achieve status in a group, to convey information, and to keep from getting pushed around.
Males
Who is likely to speak and hear a language of "connection and intimacy". They use language to achieve and share intimacy with others, to promote closeness and equality in a group, and to prevent others from pushing them away.
Women