Jurisdiction
the right or authority of a justice agency to act in regard to a particular subject matter, territory, or person
Tithing System
a private self-help protection system in early medieval England, in which a group of 10 families, or a tithing, agreed to follow the law, keep the peace in their areas, and bring law violators to justice
Shire Reeve
in medieval England, the chief law enforcement officer in a territorial area called a shire; later called the sheriff
Posses
groups of able-bodied citizens of a community, called into service by a sheriff or constable to chase and apprehend offenders
Constable-Watch System
a system of protection in early England in which citizens, under the direction of a constable, or chief peacekeeper, were required to guard the city and to pursue criminals
Constable
the peacekeeper in charge of protection in early English towns
Peel's Principles of Policing
a dozen standards proposed by Robert Peel, the author of the legislation resulting in the formation of the London Metropolitan Police Department. The standards are still applicable to today's law enforcement
Slave Patrols
the earliest form of policing in the South. They were a product of the slave codes. The plantation slave patrols have been called "the first distinctively American police system
Community Policing
a contemporary approach to policing that actively involves the community in a working partnership to control and reduce crime
CompStat
a technological and management system that aims to make the police better organized and more effective crime fighters. It combines innovative crime analysis and geographic information systems, that is, crime mapping, with the latest management principles
State Police Model
a model of state law enforcement services in which the agency and its officers have the same law enforcement powers as local police but can exercise them anywhere within the state
Highway Patrol Model
a model of state law enforcement services in which officers focus on highway traffic safety, enforcement of the state's traffic laws, and the investigation of accidents on the state's roads, highways, and property
Contract Security
protective services that a private security firm provides to people, agencies, and companies that do not employ their own security personnel or that need extra protection
Proprietary Security
in-house protective services that a security staff provides for the entity that employs it