epidermis
external cell layer in sponges
porocyte
form the many holes in the body of the sponge and are channels through which water passes into the body of these animals
budding
asexual reproduction in which a part of the parent organism pinches off and forms a new organism
Porifera
Phylum of sponges
sessile
attached to a surface, non-moving
gamete
sex cell
zygote
fertilized egg
glass sponges
group of sponges with silica spicules
commercial sponges
group of sponges without spicules, have spongin proteins
asymmetry
type of symmetry in sponges
spicules
sharp structural components of a sponge made of calcium carbonate or silicon dioxide
osculum
#1 A large opening on a sponge through which filtered water is expelled
porocyte
indicated by the arrow
choanocyte
#4 any of the flagellated cells in sponges having a collar of cytoplasm around a flagellum
amoebocyte
mobile cells in the jelly like middle layer of sponge that
digest food and distribute nutrients to sponge body
creates spicules
What is this cell name?
choanocyte
Collar cells that line the body cavity and have flagella that circulate water in sponges
filter feeder
organism that takes in water to filter out the food and then releases the extra water (clam, oysters, sponge)
spicule
small, spike shaped particles of calcium carbonate or silicon dioxide that make up the skeleton of some sponges
Intracellular digestion
process in which food is digested inside cells
Asymmetrical
irregular in shape or outline
Spicules
small, spike shaped particles of calcium carbonate or silicon dioxide that make up the skeleton of some sponges
Spongin
the network of protein fibers making up the simple skeleton of some sponges
Sessile
describes an organism that remains attached to a surface for its entire life
Ostia
The intake pores on a sponge
Osculum
large hole at the top of the sponge through which water leaves the sponge
Choanocyte
specialized cell in sponges that uses a flagellum to move a steady current of water through the sponge, also called collar cells
Filter feeder
organism that filters small particles from water to get its food
gemmules
contain sponge cells protected by spicules that will survive and grow again when favorable conditions occur
Porifera meaning
pore-bearing
Dipleurula
nekton larval stage
Spongocoel
inside body cavity of a sponge that is hollow
Mesenchyme
jelly-like material between the epidermis and endoderm
3 sponge canal systems
Asconoid, Syconoid & Leuconoid
Asconoid
-small and tube shape
-found only in the class Calcarea
Syconoid
-has radial canals lined with choanocytes
-found in the Calcarea & Hexactinellida classes
Leuconoid
-most complex
-large masses with numerous oscula
-found in all 3 classes
Calcarea sponges
chalky sponges with calcium carbonate spicules
Hexactinella sponges
includes glass sponges and the Venus flower basket with silica spicules
Sclerospongia sponges
coral sponges and have spongin/silica/calcium carbonate spicules
Demospongiae sponges
include horny and bath sponges with only spongin or spongin/silica spicules
Sponges sexuality
hermaphrodites