Acidosis
Increase in the acidity of body fluids below pH 7.35
Alkalosis
Increase in the alkalinity of body fluids above pH 7.45
Efferent arteriole
The vessel that conducts blood away from the glomerulus of a kidney nephron
Electrolyte
A substance that ionizes in water solution
Electrolyte balance
Condition when the quantities of electrolytes entering the body equal those leaving it
Extracellular fluid compartment
Fluid outside cells; includes plasma and interstitial fluid
Glomerulus
A capillary tuft within the glomerular capsule of a nephron
Intracellular fluid compartment
Fluid within cells
Kidney
Either of a pair of organs that are located in the rear of the abdominal cavity in vertebrates. The kidneys regulate fluid balance in the body and filter out wastes from the blood in the form of urine. The functional unit of the kidney is the nephron.
Micturition
Urination
Nephron
The functional unit of the kidney, consisting of renal corpuscle and a renal tubule
Renal cortex
The outer portion of a kindey
Renal medulla
The inner portion of a kidney
Renal tubule
Portion of a nephron that extends from the renal corpuscle to the collecting duct
Urea
A nonprotein nitrogenous substance resulting from protein metabolism
Ureter
A mucular tube that carries urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder
Urethra
Tube leading from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body
Urine
Wastes and excess water removed from the blood and excreted by the kidneys into the ureters, to the urinary bladder, and out of the body through the urethra
Water balance
Equivalence of the volume of water entering the body with the volume leaving it
Water of metabolism
Water produced as a by-product of metabolism
Calyc-
Small cup
Cort-
Covering
Extra-
Outside
Glom-
Little ball
Intra-
Inside
Mict-
To pass urine
Nephr-
Kidney
Neutr-
Neither one nor the other