Anterior
To the front side of the body
Posterior
To the back side of the body
Distal
Farthest from the center of the body
Proximal
Closest to the center of the body
Medial
Midline of the body
Prone
Front side facing down, lying on one stomach
Supine
Front side facing up, lying on one's back
Dorsal recumbent
Front side facing up, lying on one's back
Internal rotation
Turning a joint, leg, arm, ankle, hip inward toward the body
External rotation
Turning joint, leg, arm, ankle, hip outward away from body
Paraplegia
Paralysis from the waist down, due to spinal cord injury
Quadriplegia
Paralysis from the neck down, due to spinal cord injury
Hemiplegia
Paralysis of one entire half of the body from neck down to legs due to injury or disease in the brain
Extend
To push or pull away from the body
Hyperextend
To extend beyond the midline of the body
Flexion
To bring extremity back toward the midline of the body
Hyperflexion
Bringing the extremity as far as possible toward the midline of the body
Plantar flexion
Pointing toes downward toward bottom of foot
Dorsal flexion
Pointing toes upward toward the top of the foot
Abduction
Moving extremity away from the body, children are abducted and taken away from the parents
Adduction
Moving extremity toward the body
Objective data
One can see, here, smell, taste, feel the data
Subjective data
One cannot see, here, smell, taste or feel the data. You must rely on what the patient tells you
Signs
Objective data
Symptoms
Subjective data