Inspection
Watching for nonverbal expressions of emotional and mental status.
Olfaction
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Palpation
Involves using the sense of touch to gather information.
Percussion
Involves tapping the skin with the fingertips to vibrate underlying tissues and organs.
Auscultation
Involves listening to sounds the body makes to detect variations from normal.
Integumentary System
Refers to the skin, hair, scalp, and nails.
Pigmentation
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Cyanosis
Bluish discoloration
Jaundice
Yellow-orange discoloration
Erythema
Red discoloration
Indurated
Hardened
Turgor
The elasticity of the skin.
Petechiae
Nonblanching, pinpoint-size, red or purple spots on the skin caused by small hemorrhages in the skin layers.
Edema
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Alopecia
Hair loss or thinning of the hair.