Chapter 6: Electricity and Electrical Equipment

Electricity

Light, heat, chemical, and magnetic changes are all produced by:

Electric Current

The flow of electricity moving along a conductor is called:

Direct Current

Electric current in which electrons move at an even rate and flow only in one direction:

Alternating current

Rapid oscillating cycle that alternates back and forth allowing electrons to first flow in one direction and then in the other:

Hertz rating

When a generator alternates current, the number of cycles per second is called the:

Conductor

Material that easily transports electricity is a:

Insulators

Materials that do not allow a current to pass through them are called:

Volt

What is the measure for the amount of electric pressure?

Ohm

What is a unit of electrical resistance called?

Closed circuit

A path in which electricity travels is a:

Load

Technical term for any appliance that requires electricity in order to work

Overload

More current flowing through a line than the line is designed to carry is call an:

Water

Electrical fire should not be extinguished with:

Short circuit

Any time a foreign conductor comes in contact with a wire carrying current to a load, what can happen?

Circuit breaker

Two metal pieces that make contact with each other to allow the flow of electric current are found on a:

Grounding wire

Safety device designed to protect the user during the operation of appliances is a:

Local shock

Type of shock that passes through the body and can cause burns

General shock

Type of shock causing the heart to stop, breathing to cease and muscles to convulse

Fire prevention protocols

Posting local fire codes, inspecting fire safety devices, and storing all flammable materials properly are all examples of what?

Galvanic

What is the form of direct current used in electrotherapy?

Anaphoresis

Which type of phoresis is used for desincrustation

Iontophoresis

Type of treatment using cataphoresis to nourish the deeper layers of the epidermis

Polarity

Having opposite poles in an electrical current is referred to as

Cathode (cats are negative)

A negatively charged electrode is called

Anode

Positively charged electrode is called

Acidic

When the electrode held by the esthetician is in the positive mode, the reaction on the skin will be

Violet ray

Tesla, a High Frequency Current is also known as the

Direct High Frequency

Surface tissue stimulation, healing of existing papules and pustules, increasing circulation and blood flow are benefits of what type of electrical device

Spark gap

A narrow space between the electrode and the skin used to provide a germicidal healing and drying effects during either Direct or Indirect High Frequency treatment is a:

Muscle contractions

Faradic current is used primarily to cause

Sinusoidal

An alternating current that penetrates more deeply and can provide greater stimulation to the treated area than Faradic current is called:

Contraindication

Pregnancy, epilepsy, diabetes, or other conditions that suggest it is inadvisable to perform procedure on a client is called a:

White light

A combination light that can be broken into its individual wavelengths by a prism is referred to as:

Ultraviolet light

Bacteria that causes skin infections can be killed by:

UVA rays

Which type of ultraviolet ray is most frequently used in tanning booths?

Conduction

The transfer of heat via direct contact is called:

Mechnical

What effect does a rotating brush produce?

Electrochemical effect

Electric current that travels through a water-based solution and onto the body has an:

Wood's Lamp

Which type of electrical equipment utilizes violet rays or black light to analyze skin type and condition?

Facial Steamer

A device that sprays a lukewarm, diffused vapor mist onto the surface of the skin is called a:

Contraindications

Rosacea, sensitive skin, and couperose would be _____ for using the facial steamer.

Amp rating

What indicates the number of electrons flowing through a particular line?

kilowatt hours

Since a watt is a small unit of energy, power companies describe watt usage in:

Underwriter's Labratory

Which of the following indicates that the appliance has been certified to operate safely under the conditions specified in the instructions?

Rectifier

What is able to change alternating current to direct current?

Converter

What is able to change direct current to alternating current?

Open circuit

Electrical path that is broken is called an:

Phoresis

The process of forcing a water-based solution into the skin by applying current to the chemical solution is called:

Desincrustation

The process of breaking down blockages in the skin with an alkaline solution to open the pores and soften blockages is referred to as:

Tesla current

High Frequency current is also referred to as:

Ozone gas

A gas generated close to the skin's surface that has a germicidal, healing and dying effect is:

Direct Faradic method

During which type of treatment does the esthetician place both electrodes on the client's skin making certain they never touch?

Light therapy

What type of treatment uses light rays or waves to produce beneficial effects on the body?

Radiation

Transfer of heat through empty air space is called

Fluorescent and incandescent light

Which two kinds of light in the skin care center produce a balance of light when used together?

Heat

Any infrared light produces what?

protective eyewear

During UV light therapy treatments, both client and esthetician must wear:

Horseshoe electrode

During a high frequency treatment, which machine would the esthetician use on a client's neck?

Dehydrated skin

When using a Wood's Lamp, what type of skin condition exists when the skin is seen as light violet in color?

Suction machine

Which machine acts like a miniature vaccuum cleaner and helps in deep pore cleansing, drawing out dirt, impurities, and sebum?

Electric pulverizer

Which machine serves as an atomizer to refresh the skin

Dry skin

Which type of skin is effectively treated by using heated paraffin?

Amp

Unit of electrical strength

Watt

Measure of electrical energy

Frequency

Number of times the cycling in each current occurs is referred to as:

Anaphoresis (uses positively charged solution)

Alkaline solution with the negative pole of an electrode, used in the treatment of desincrustation is called:

Cataphoresis (uses negatively charged solution)

Acidic solution used with the positive pole of an electrode used to nourish the deeper layers of the skin is called:

Faradic current

Type of AC current used as a passive form of excercise because it stimulates the muscle with the aid of a machine and current

Sinusoidal current

Similar to Faradic current but penetrates more deeply and can provide greater stimulation to the treated area.