Types of monosaccharides
glucose, galactose, fructose
What is a disaccharide made of?
two bonded monosaccharides
What are 6-carbon molecules?
monosaccharides
Sucrose (table sugar)
combination of ploysaccharides
Which molecules provide the body with energy?
carbohydrates- glucose, fructose, galactose
Glycogen
highly branched polysaccharides of alpha-bonded glucose. (found in human liver and muscle)
Cellulose
a fibrous polysaccharide (cannot be digested)
Lipids
simple molecules that provides the body with chemical signals, insulation, protective padding and stored energy. - fatty acids, saturated, unsaturated, etc.
Polysaccharides
a chain of monosaccharides
Saturated
fatty acids with one covalent bond
Unsaturated
Fatty acids lacks hydrogen atoms and have double bonds between the same carbons.
Most common lipid
diglycerides
Primary-storage fats
Triglycerides
Phospholipids
Lipids with a phosphate group attached to the gylcerol of a diglyceride
Proteins
A large chain of amino acids
Amino Acids
A group of nitrgn containing compounds that combine to form chains, structure protein.
Quartenary example
Hemoglobin
3D Structure
Tertiary structure
Helix/Sheet
Secondary structure with a spring like shape, pleated piece of paper.
Enzymes
Temperature and pH can have a big effect on enzyme.
Enzyme
Stable conditions must be maintained for enzyme activity to occur.
Hydration synthesis
A chemical reaction that builds up molecules by losing water molecules.
Hydrolysis
The chemical breakdown of breaking down with water.