One gene--one enzyme hypothesis
-Beadle & Tatum Experiment
-1 gene codes for 1 polypeptide
Gene Regulation
Controls transcription
Mutation
A change in a gene
Mutagen
Something that changes a gene
RNA
Ribonucleic Acid--single strand that codes for DNA strands
Messenger RNA
mRNA--long strand of nucleotide forming 1 strand of DNA.
Transfer RNA
Segment of RNA Nucleotides that transport Amino Acids
Ribosomal RNA
Associated with proteins to form ribosomes in cytoplasm.
Transcription
DNA turning into RNA
RNA Polymerase
Synthesizes mRNA
Codon
3 base code in DNA or mRNA
Translation
--TRNA finds amino acid.
--Acts as interpreter to mRNA
Intron
Segment of RNA cut out
Exon
Once introns removed, exons spliced together
Ribosome
--Protein maker.
--Takes message from mRNA & transfer amino acids in the strand.
Anti-codon
Used by TRNA to code for base sequence.