gene
A segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a specific trait. Controls the production of proteins.
dominant trait
an allele that when present will hide a different allele
recessive trait
a trait that appears only when the dominant trait is not present
carrier
a person who has one recessive allele for a trait and one dominant allele
heredity
The passing of traits from parent to offspring. Traits one receives from parents.
inherited trait
A characteristic that a living thing gets from its parents.
Gregor mendel
The father of genetics
genetics
The study of heredity.
alleles
different forms of the same gene
genotype
an organism's genetic makeup
phenotype
an organism's physical appearance
heterozygous
an organism with two different alleles for a trait
homozygous
an organism with two identical alleles for a trait
codominance
when both different alleles of a gene are present and both a displayed in the phenotype.
incomplete dominance
when two different alleles of a gene are present in the phenotype and blend
messenger RNA
copies the DNA and carries it to ribosome
transfer RNA
decodes and matches up the 3 base code transfers the correct amino acid to the ribosome
protein synthesis
the production of proteins in the cell
amino acids
make proteins
mutation
any change in the DNA of a gene or chromosome