Identify the question type in the following question stem:
Which one of the following is most closely parallel in its reasoning to the reasoning in the argument above?
Parallel Reasoning
Identify the question type in the following question stem:
"Which one of the following is most closely parallel in its reasoning to the reasoning in the argument above?
Parallel Reasoning
Identify the question type in the following question stem:
"of the following, which one most closely conforms to the principle that the passage illustrates?
Principle parallel Reasoning.
What three things should you do when solving for a Parallel Reasoning question.
1. Find the
main conclusion
2. Find the
premises
3. Restate the argument in
general terms:
Draw out the following original Statement:
original: Every competitor on Saturday will either give up or request help, but not both.
Those competitors who give up will get a participation award.
But those who request help will get an achievement award.
Th
Description: Every C will do G or R, but not both.
If they do G, then they will get A1.
If they do R, then they will get A2.
Therefore, Every C will get A.
Take time to map out this basic structure - in your head or on paper - before reading the answers.
Description: Every C will do G or R, but not both.
If they do G, then they will get A1.
If they do R, then they will get A2.
Therefore, Every C will get A.
Correct answer: All cows on Jon's farm tomorrow will graze the pasture outside or stay inside all day.
The cows that graze the pasture will get usually sleepy.
The other cows will not eat their normal dinner.
So all the cows on Jon's farm tomorrow will do
True or false:
The correct answer here is not perfectly parallel, but it's close enough. The goal is to look for the argument that is "most parallel,
True.
this argument has several important similarities , even if they seem different on the surface: What are they?
All cows on Jon's farm tomorrow will graze the pasture outside or stay inside all day.
The cows that graze the pasture will get usually sleepy.
T
The first premise and the conclusion both use the word "all," but that's exactly the same as "every."
The first premise does not say "but not both," but that's okay because it's impossible to "stay inside all day" and to "graze the pasture outside" so the
True of false.
you should not Look at the answers until you've forced yourself to map out the underlying reasoning.
True.
What is a crucial question you should ask yourself after you've forced yourself to map out the underlying reasoning.
Does this answer use the same kind of reasoning?
What should you keep in mind about the correct answer?
The correct answer will almost always have the same number of
core concepts
and will almost always use those concepts the same number of times. In our previous example, there are four core concepts: D, G, R and A. The last Concept, A, has two parts - A1 a
True or false:
The correct answer will almost always use
logical terms
that mean the same things as the logical terms used in the original argument. In the correct answer above, for example, the conclusion uses the word "All" which means the same thing as
True
True or false:
The premises and the conclusion in the correct answer do
NOT
have to be presented in the
same order
that they were presented in the original argument. In our original argument, the conclusion was presented last. But it could be presented an
Correct answer:
because
all cows on Jon's farm tomorrow will graze the pasture outside or stay inside all day,
all the cows on Jon's farm tomorrow will do something unusual
.
After
all, the cows that graze the pasture will get unusually sleepy
and
the oth
True or false:
As you read each answer, make sure to compare
apples to apples
. You don't want to compare the conclusion in the answer to a premise in the original argument. If you notice that the answer's premise or conclusion is logically different, and
True.
True or false:
you do
NOT
need to
draw out
every answer. But if you get down to two answers, and there was some formal logic in the original argument, consider drawing out the two answers to compare them.
TRUE.