What are the soft skills employers value?
Ability to work in a team
Leadership
Communication skills
Problem solving skills
Strong work ethic
What is the practice of giving speeches called?
Rhetoric or oratory
What are the canons of rhetoric?
The five parts of preparing a speech: Invention, arrangement, style, memory, and delivery. It was developed by Aristotle.
What is invention?
Adapting speech information to your audience in order to make your case.
What is arrangement?
Organizing the speech in ways best suited to the topic and the audience.
What is style?
The way the speaker uses language to express speech ideas.
What is memory?
The practice of the speech until it can be artfully delivered.
What is delivery?
The vocal and non vocal behavior used when speaking.
What is public forum?
A variety of venues for the discussion of issues of public interest.
What are the ways you can learn to speak in public?
Draw on conversation skills
Draw on skills in composition
Develop an effective oral style
Become an inclusive speaker (cultural)
What is cultural intelligence?
Being skilled and flexible about a culture.
What are the four categories of human communication?
Didactic, small group, mass, and public speaking.
What is didactic communication?
Happens between two people, as in a conversation.
What is small group communication?
Involves a small number of people who can see and speak directly with one another.
What is mass communication?
Occurs between a speaker and a large audience of unknown people who are usually not present.
What is public speaking?
A speaker delivers a message with a specific purpose to an audience who are present during the delivery of the speech.
What are the elements of communication?
The source--the person who creates the message.
Receiver--the person receiving the message.
Message--the content.
Channel--the medium of the message.
Shared meaning--mutual understanding.
What is the message?
The content in the communication.
What is the channel?
the medium through which the speaker delivers the message (television, computer, written.
What is noise?
Interference with the message (cell phone, people talking).
What is shared meaning?
The mutual understanding of a message between the speaker and the audience.
What is context?
Anything that influences the speaker, audience, or occasion.
What is a rhetorical situation?
A circumstance calling for a public response.
What is audience centered?
Keeping the needs, values, attitudes, and wants of your listeners in focus.
What is the speech purpose?
Is the goal of the speech or what you want the audience to learn.
What are the steps in the speech making process?
1. Analyze the audience
2. Select a topic
3. Review the topic in light of audience analysis
4. Determine the speech purpose
5. Compose a thesis statement
6. Develop the main points
7. Gather supporting material
8. Separate the speech into its major parts
9. Outline the speech
10. Consider presentation aids
11. Practice giving the speech
What is analyzing the audience?
A systematic process of getting to know the audience member's attributes and motivation.
What are the general purposes of a speech?
To inform, persuade, or mark a special occasion.
What is the specific purpose?
A single phrase stating precisely what you want the audience to learn or do as a result of your speech.
What is a thesis statement?
Concisely communicates to your audience in a single sentence what the speech is about.
What are the main points?
The primary pieces of knowledge or key claims.
What are the major parts of a speech?
Introduction, body, conclusion.
What should the introduction include?
Pique the audiences interest
Introduce the topic and its relevance
Preview the thesis and main points
Establish your credibility on the topic
What should the body include?
Develop the main points using an organizational pattern that suits the topic, audience, and occasion.
What should the conclusion include?
Restate the thesis and how the main
points confirm it
Leave the audience with something to think about or challenge them to act.
What are coordinate points?
They are of equal importance and are indicated by parallel alignment.
What are subordinate points?
Given less weight than the main
points they support and are placed to the right of the points they support.
What are working outlines?
Contain points stated in complete sentences.
What are speaking outlines?
Are far briefer and use short phrases or key words.
What is vocal delivery?
Includes speech volume, pitch, rate, variety, pronunciation, and articulation.
What is non verbal delivery?
The speaker's facial expression, gestures, general body movement, and physical appearance.
How do you manage speech anxiety?
Identify what makes you anxious
Pinpoint the onset of nervousness
Use proven strategies
Activate the relaxation response
Learn from feedback
What are the steps for gaining confidence?
Prepare and practice
Think positively
Accept your nervousness
Concentrate on the message
Visualize success
Use relaxation techniques
Breathe deeply and stretch
Incorporate movements
Seek pleasure in the occasion
Learn from your experience
What life skills does public speaking provide?
Gives you an edge
Leads to greater confidence and satisfaction
Is a weapon in career development
How does public speaking enhance your career as a student?
You learn these skills
Researching
Analyzing audiences
Outlining and organizing ideas
Supporting claims
These skills can be used in other courses
How does public speaking offer opportunities for civic engagement?
Research topics meaningful to you
Consider alternate viewpoints
Choose course of action
Distinguish between arguments and uncivil speech
Learning to speak in public is?
An acquired skill
Improves with practice
Similar to speaking and writing
Uses skills you already have