The Art of Public Speaking - Chapter 13

Nonverbal communication

Communication based on a person's use of voice and body, rather than on the use of words

Methods of delivery (4)

Manuscript, memory, impromptu, extemporaneously

Manuscript

Written out word for word

Impromptu

Little or no preparation

Extemporaneously

Brief set of notes, carefully prepared, and practiced

Conversational quality

Presenting a speech so it sounds spontaneous

The speaker's voice (8)

Volume, pitch, rate, pauses, vocal variety, pronunciation, articulation, dialect

Volume

Loudness or softness of voice

Pitch

Highness or lowness of voice

Rate

Speed of speech

Pauses

Momentary breaks in a speech

Vocal variety

Change in rate, pitch, volume to give variety and expressiveness

Pronunciation

Accepted standard of sound and rhythm

Articulation

Physical production of sounds

Dialect

Variety of a language distinguished by variations of accent, grammar, or vocabulary

Inflections

Changes in the pitch or tone

Monotone

Constant pitch or tone

Vocalized pause

Pauses when silence is filled (eh, er, um)

Speaker's body (4)

Personal appearance, movement, gestures, eye contact

Kinesics

The study of body motions as a systematic mode of communication

Gestures

Motions of hands or arms during a speech

Eye contact

Direct visual contact during a speech

Practicing delivery (5 steps)

1. Prep outline aloud
2. Prep speaking outline
3. Practice several times
4. Polish and refine delivery
5. Dress rehearsal

Answering audience questions (2)

Prepare and manage

Manage (5)

Positive attitude, listen carefully, direct to entire audience, be honest, stay on track