The Art of Public Speaking - Chapter 8

Supporting materials (3)

Materials used to support an idea
Examples, statistics, testimony

Examples (3)

Specific case to illustrate or represent a group of people, ideas, conditions, experiences, or the like
Brief, extended, hypothetical

Tips for examples (5)

To clarify
Reinforce
Personalized
Vivid and richly texturized
Practice delivery to enhance example

Statistics

Numerical data

Questions to judge reliability (3)

Representative?
Used correctly?
Reliable?

Tips for statistics (6)

To quantify ideas
Use sparingly
Identify source
Explain
Round off complicated stats
Visual aids

Testimony (3)

Quotations or paraphrases to support a point
Expert, peer testimony, quoting and paraphrasing

Tips for testimony (4)

Quote or paraphrasing accurately
Qualified sources
Unbiased sources
Identify the people

Direct Quotation

Testimony that is presented word for word

Paraphrase

To restate or summarize a source's ideas in your own words

Quoting out of context

Quoting to distort its meaning by removing the statement from the words and phrases surrounding

Oral citations

Date, source, author, author's qualifications

Mean

Average

Median

Middle

Mode

Frequency