Energy in Ecosystems

Autotroph

An organism that makes its own food

producer

An organism that makes its own food

consumer

An organism that obtains energy by feeding on other organisms

Heterotroph

An organism that cannot make its own food and gets food by consuming other living things.

Carnivore

A consumer that eats only animals.

herbivore

A consumer that eats only plants.

omnivore

An animal that eats both plants and animals

Primary Producer

An autotroph, usually a photosynthetic organism. Collectively, autotrophs make up the trophic level of an ecosystem that ultimately supports all other levels.

Primary Consumer

An organism that eats producers

Secondary Consumer

consumer that eats primary consumers

Tertiary Consumer

Carnivore that eats carnivores.

Scavenger

A carnivore that feeds on the bodies of dead organisms

Energy pyramid

A diagram that shows the amount of energy that moves from one feeding level to another in a food web

Biosphere

Consists of all life on Earth and all parts of the Earth in which life exists, including land, water, and the atmosphere.

species

A group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring.

population

A group of individuals that belong to the same species and live in the same area

community

(ecology) a group of interdependent organisms inhabiting the same region and interacting with each other

ecology

Scientific study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment

biome

A group of ecosystems that share similar climates and typical organisms

biotic factors

All the living organisms that inhabit an environment

abiotic factors

Nonliving components of environment.

photosynthesis

Conversion of light energy from the sun into chemical energy.

decomposer

An organism that gets energy by breaking down the remains of dead organisms or animal wastes and consuming or absorbing the nutrients.

food chain

A series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten

food web

(ecology) a community of organisms where there are several interrelated food chains

trophic level

The position of an organism in relation to the flow of energy and inorganic nutrients through an ecosystem (e.g., producer, consumer, and decomposer).
Step in a food chain or food web