Biology unit 5 mid chapter vocabulary

dermal tissue

Tissue that covers and protects the outside of plants and animals

ground tissue

Tissue that makes up a majority of the plant provides support and stores the materials and roots and stems

meristematic tissue

Tissue that contains undifferentiated cells from which new cells are formed, actively growing part of the plant

vascular tissue

Tissue that transports water and nutrients in the plant

Xylem

Vascular tissue that carries water and nutrients up from the roots of the rest of the plant

Phloem

Vascular tissue that carries sugars produced by photosynthesis in the leaves to the rest of the plant

root hairs

Thin hair like outgrowth of an epidermal cell of a plant that absorbs water and minerals from the soil

Stomata

Pores on the underside of a leaf through which gas exchange occurs

guard cells

One or a pair of cells that controls the opening and closing of a stoma in plant tissue

Transpiration

Release of water vapor through the pores of the cuticle or the stomata of a plant

Photosynthesis

A process that captures energy from sunlight to make sugar is that store chemical energy

Chlorophyll

Molecule in chloroplasts that absorbs some energy in visible light

Thylakoids

Stacked, coin shaped membrane enclosed compartments

Light dependent reactions

Capture energy from the sunlight

Light independent reactions

The use of energy from light dependent reactions to make sugars

cellular respiration

And aerobic process, that takes place in the mitochondria, that produces ATP by breaking down carbon-based molecules

Sepal

Modify leaves that protect the developing flower green or brightly colored

Petals

A layer just inside of sepals, modified colorful leaves that often attract animal pollinators

endosperm

A food supply for the developing plant embryo

double fertilization

1 sperm fertilizes an egg while the other makes a triploid