Reactants
The substances undergoing a chemical change
Products
The new substances formed
________----->________
Reactants ----->Products
Chemical Equation
A representation of a chemical reaction in which the reactants and products are expressed as formulas
The law of conservation of mass states that mass is
neither created or destroyed in a chemical reaction.
In order to show that mass is conserved during a reaction...
The chemical formula has to be balanced
Coefficients
The numbers that appear before the chemical formula
A balanced equation shows?
That mass is conserved/equal sides
You can balance a chemical equation by?
Changing coefficients not subscripts
Chemical Energy
Energy that is stored in chemical bonds of compounds
Chemical Reactions
Involves breaking of chemical bonds with the reactants and the formation of chemical bonds in products
Forming bonds
The formation of bonds releases energy.
Exothermic
A release of energy to the surrounding area. Energy released is greater than the energy needed
Endothermic
A reaction that absorbs energy from the surrounding area
Conservation of Energy
States that energy cannot be created or destroyed, but can be changed from one form to another
Reaction Rate
The rate of time for reactants to turn into products. Tells us how fast a reaction is going
Temperature
Increase in temperature will increase reaction rates. Fast moving particles are more likely to collide with each other
Surface Area
Greater surface area increase reaction rate. Increased in surface area provides greater exposure for reactants to collide
Stirring
Collisions are more likely to happen by this so reaction rates would increase
Concentration
The more reacting particles provides a greater chance for collisions. This would increase reaction rates
Catalysts
A substance that affects the reaction rate with out being used up in the reaction
Equilibrium
The forward and reverse paths remain at the same rate
When a physical change does not go to completion...
Equilibrium is established between forward and reverse changes
Mole
Is an amount of a substance that contains approximately 6.0x10/23 particles of that substance
Molar Mass
The mass of one mole of a substance
Factors that effect the reaction rate
temperature, surface area, concentration, stirring, and catalysts