batteries

primary batteries

irreversibly transform chemical energy to electrical energy. (ex-alkaline, mercury, and silver)

secondary batteries

can be recharged, that is, have their chemical reactions reversed by supplying electrical energy to the cell, restoring their original composition (ex-lead-acid, nickel-metal hydride, lithium ion)

fuel cells

not self-contained, uses combustion to produce electricity (ex-proton exchange membrane)

alkaline batteries

zinc anode case that houses a minture of mno2 and an alkaline paste of koh and h2o. Inactive graphite rod that usually produces a voltage of 1.5

mercury and silver batteries

zince container as the anode in a basic medium. Employs HgO as oxidizing agent, silver used Ag2O as the oxidizing agent and both enclose the cathode with a steel can

lead storage battery

a battery (used in cars) in which the anode is lead, the cathode is lead coated with lead dioxide, and the electrolyte is a sulfuric acid solution. Produces about 2.1 v to 12 v

lithium ion battery

a battery that produces electrical current in the form of motion of lithium ions from the anode to the cathode. Anode of li that lie between sheets of graphite. Cathode is lithium metal oxide. Used in laptop computers and other light objects

nickel-cadmium battery

A type of rechargeable battery using nickel oxide hydroxide and metallic cadmium as electrodes. Produces 1.2V

fuel cell

An electrical-chemical device that converts fuel, such as hydrogen, into an electrical current.