Motor Training
Education of how speech is produced, behavioral awareness, problem solving to select fluency and stuttering modification skills for training. Relaxation, guided practice.
Mental Training
Cognitive restructuring, guided imagery.
Stuttering Modification
Used w/ people who stutter. Stuttering results from avoidance, therapy focused on reducing fears and modifying form of stuttering by reducing struggle and tension. Management. Goal is spontaneous fluency, controlled fluency, acceptable stuttering. Underst
Fluency Shaping
Used for PWS. Assumption is that stuttering is learned. Establish fluent speech by eradicating stuttering in a controlled environment. Fluent responses are reinforced and stuttering is punished. Only goals are spontaneous or controlled fluency. No direct
Educating Clients
What stuttering is and isn't. A neurodevelopmental disorder, brain of PWS works differently. Not indicative of mental deficiency. Teach about the process of communication and what can interfere with it. Processes: physical structure and function, timing a
Behavioral Awareness
Fluent and disfluent speech: bumpy vs, smooth, stuttered versus fluent. Use home base speech to elicit fluency (automatic speech that client can do fluently, helps retain feeling of fluency). Explore speech contexts and levels of complexity that can elici
Facilitate Change
Target voluntary stuttering, have the client attend, describe, do, compare, and change. Use active language.
Activities for Teaching Fluency
Increase complexity of the task as client demonstrates ability to manage with prerequisite skills. Monologues, conversational tasks, manage fluency in ADL.
Stutter More Fluently (Modification)
Client is the expert on how they stutter. Have him teach clinician how to stutter like him. Identify when and how.
Voluntary Stuttering
Sliding out technique using stretching, voicing, airflow, easing off of physical tension. Don't focus on too many things at once. Moving forward foal, problem solving techniques (what needs to be done?). Hold on to moment and change w/ and w/o prompting.
Change Moments of Stuttering
After it has occurred, re-do to cancel out. During moment, slide out or move ahead. Before, easy start or slide in. Clinician imitates, provides feedback, reinforces when appropriate.