orbit
the path that Earth follows around the sun
Rotation
Earth spinning on its axis
When he south end of Earth's axis is tilted toward the sun it is
winter in the Northern Hemisphere
Force
a push or pull
inertia
the tendency of an object to resist a change in motion
What causes the phases of the moon, eclipses, and tides?
The changing relative positions of the moon, Earth, and sun
Umbra
The darkest part of the moon's shadow
Maria on the moon are
regions formed from huge lave flows
Why does the moons surface become very hot in direct sunlight?
it does NOT have an atmosphere
Solstice
a day on which the sun is overhead at either 23.5 degrees north or south
weight
the force of gravity on an object
neap tide
a tide with the smallest difference between low and high tides
full moon
a lunar eclipse occurs only when the moon is in this phase
velocity
the speed of a rocket in a given direction
TRUE OR FALSE In one year, Earth completes 365 revolutions?
FALSE one rotation around the Sun
TRUE OR FALSE Earth has seasons because its axis is tilted as it revolves around the sun
TRUE
Who was the space race between?
Earth and the Soviet Union
TRUE OR FALSE A solar eclipse occurs during a full moon when Earth is directly between the moon and the sun?
FALSE NEW MOON
TRUE OR FALSE When the moon is in Earth's umbra, you see a total LUNAR eclipse?
TRUE
TRUE OR FALSE The first American to orbit Earth was Alan Shepherd?
FALSE John Glenn was first american to orbit
Yuri Gagarin of the soviet union was first human to orbit
Alan Shepherd was first american in Space
Neil Armstrong was first first to walk on the moon
Spring Tide
the GREATEST distance between low and high tides
What happens during a solar eclipse?
During a solar eclipse, the moon blocks light from the Sun, preventing sunlight from reaching parts of Earth's surface
What happens during a lunar eclipse?
During a lunar eclipse, Earth blocks sunlight from reaching the moon's surface. sometimes the moon looks reddish because Earth's atmosphere bends some sunlight toward the moon
New Moon (first)
Sunlit side faces away from Earth (sun, moon, earth)
Waxing crescent (2)
the portion the moon you can see is waxing or GROWING into a crescent shape
First Quarter (3)
you can see half of the sunlit side of the moon
Waxing Gibbous (4)
the moon continues to wax. The visible side of the moon is called gibbous
FULL MOON (5)
the entire sunlit side faces Earth
Waning Gibbous (6)
The portion of the moon you can see wanes, or shrinks (waves goodbye)
Third quarter (7)
you can see half the moons lighted side
waning crescent (8)
you see a crescent on again
the same side of the moon
always faces the earth
The changing relative positions of the moon, Earth, and Sun cause
the phases of the moon, eclipses, and tides
Day and night are caused by Earths
rotation on its axis
Netwons law of universal gravitation states that
every object in the universe attracts ever other object
When you are riding in a car and it stops suddenly
inertia causes you to keep moving forward
The moon can be seen from Earth becuase
sunlight reflects off the moon's surface
Earth rotates on its axis about once every
24 hours
Gravity
is the force that pulls the moon toward Earth
When earth is furthest from the sun in Northern Hemisphere what season is it?
Summer. During winter it is closer to the sun but it is no receiving as much direct sunlit, that is why it is colder
A lunar eclipse can only occur during a
Full Moon
inertia is the tendency of a moving object to
continue moving in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place
You never see the far side of the moon from Earth because
the moon rotates once for each revolution around Earth
Neap Tides occur when
the Sun's pull is at right angles of the moon
one complete revolution of Earth around the sun takes about
1 year/365 days
An equinox occurs when
neither end of Earth's axis is tilted toward or away from the sun
The factors that combine to keep Earth and the moon in their orbits are
gravity and inertia
How does a lunar eclipse and solar eclipse differ?
A solar eclipse occurs when the moon passes between Earth and the sun. A lunar eclipse is when the Earth passes between the sun and the moon and blocks sunlight from reaching the moon
Why does earth have seasons?
Earth has seasons because its axis is tilted as it revolves around the sun. In June, Earth's axis is tilted toward the sun in the northern hemisphere. In December it is tilted away in the Northern Hemisphere, therefore, people in the Southern Hemisphere h
Revolution
is the movement of one object around another
rotation
the spinning of earth on its axis
The two ways earth moves through space is
rotation and revolution