VCLA Vocabulary

disdain

(v) to look upon with scorn; to refuse scornfully; (n) a feeling of contempt

divergent

(adj) going in different directions; different from each other; departing from conversation, deviant

empathy

(n) identification with and understanding of another's situation, feelings, and motives

emulate

(v) to imitate with the intent of equaling or surpassing the model

enervating

(adj) weakening, tiring

enhance

(v) to raise to a higher degree; to increase the value or desirability of

ephemeral

(adj) lasting only a short time, short-lived, transient

evanescent

(adj) vanishing, soon passing away; light and airy

exasperation

(n) irritation, frustration

exemplary

(adj) worthy of imitation, commendable; serving as a model

extenuating

(adj) excusing, lessening the seriousness of guilt or crime, e.g., of mitigating factors

florid

(adj) highly colored, reddish; excessively ornate, showy

fortuitous

(adj) accidental, occurring by a happy chance

frugal

(adj.) economical, avoiding waste and luxury; scanty, poor, meager, thrifty

hackneyed

(adj) used so often as to lack freshness or originality; cliched

haughty

(adj) arrogant, excessively proud and vain; condescending

hedonist

(n) a person who believes that pleasure is the chief goal of life

hypothesis

(n) a testable prediction, often implied by a theory

impetuous

(adj) inclined to act without thinking; hasty

relevant

closely connected or appropriate to the matter at hand

omit

leave out or exclude (someone or something), either intentionally or forgetfully

redundant

not or no longer needed or useful

precede

1. come before (something) in time; 2. come before in order or position

proportional

corresponding in size or amount to something else

sustainable

1. able to be maintained at a certain rate or level; 2. conserving an ecological balance by avoiding depletion of natural resources

adhere

1. to stick completely to a surface or substance
2. to believe in and follow the practices of

aloof

not friendly or forthcoming; cool and distant

ambiguous

open to more than one interpretation; having a double meaning

analyze

to examine in detail, typically for purposes of explanation and interpretation

anecdote

a short and amusing story about a real incident or person

antagonize

to cause someone to become hostile

anticipate

to regard as probable; expect or predict

apprehensive

anxious or fearful that something bad will happen

arcane

mysterious or secret

assert

to state a fact or belief confidently and forcefully

assess

to evaluate or estimate the nature, ability, or quality of

attribute

to regard something as being caused by someone or something

bear

to endure an ordeal or difficulty

befall

(of something bad) happen to someone

burgeon

to begin to grow or increase rapidly; to flourish

coherent

1. (of an argument, theory, or policy) logical and consistent
2. united as or forming a whole

compassion

concern for the suffering or misfortune of others

compensate (for)

to make up for something unwelcome or unpleasant by exerting an opposite force or effect

complement

a thing that completes or brings to perfection a larger whole

compose

1. write or create; 2. constitute, make up

condescending

having or showing a feeling of superiority

consecutive

following continuously; in unbroken or logical sequence

contour

an outline, especially one representing or bounding the shape or form of something

contract

to decrease in size, number, or range

contradict

1. to deny the truth of (a statement), especially by asserting the opposite
2. to assert the opposite of a statement made by (someone)
3. to be in conflict with

correlate

to have a mutual relationship or connection, in which one thing affects or depends on another

corrollary

a direct or natural consequence or result

critical

1. expressing adverse or disapproving comments or judgments
2. expressing or involving an analysis of the merits and faults of a work of literature, music, or art
3. involving the objective analysis and evaluation of an issue in order to form a judgment

cumbersome

1. large or heavy and, therefore, difficult to carry or use
2. slow or complicated and, therefore, inefficient

deficit

the amount by which something is too small

demean

to cause a severe loss in the dignity of and respect for someone or something

depict

1. to show or represent by a drawing, painting, or other art form
2. to portray in words; to describe

determine

1. to cause (something) to occur in a particular way; to be the decisive factor in
2. to ascertain or establish exactly, typically as a result of
research or calculation

devoid

entirely lacking or free from

differentiate

1. to recognize or ascertain what makes (someone or something) different
2. (differentiate between) to identify differences between
(two or more things or people)
3. to make (someone or something) appear different or distinct
4. to make or become differen

diffuse

spread out over a large area; not concentrated

digress

to leave the main subject temporarily in speech or writing

diminish

to make or become less

discrepancy

a lack of compatibility or similarity between two or more facts

(dis)inclined

willing or positive about an action, belief, or attitude (disinclined: unwilling or negative about something)

dismay

consternation and distress, typically that caused by something unexpected

disposition

1. a person's inherent qualities of mind and character
2. an inclination or tendency

dynamic

characterized by constant change, activity, or progress

eclipse

a loss of significance, power, or prominence in relation to another person or thing

emerge

to become apparent, important, or prominent

eminent

famous and respected within a particular sphere or profession

engage

1. to occupy, attract, or involve (someone's interest or attention)
2. (engage someone in) to cause someone to become involved in (a conversation or discussion)
3. (engage in) to participate or become involved in

engross

to absorb all the attention or interest of

ethereal

extremely delicate and light in a way that seems too perfect for this world

evolve

to develop gradually, especially from a simple to a more complex form

exploit

1. to make full use of and derive benefit from
2. to use a situation or person in an unfair or selfish way

facilitate

to make an action or process easy or easier

fleeting

lasting for a very short time

glaring

extremely obvious or conspicuous

hardship

severe suffering or deprivation

hurtle

to move or cause to move at a great speed, typically in an
uncontrolled manner

immerse

1. to involve oneself deeply in a particular activity or interest
2. to dip or submerge in a liquid

imminent

about to happen

(im)mobile

able to move or be moved freely or easily (or not able to be moved)

impervious

unable to be affected by

incendiary

1. tending to stir up conflict
2. designed to cause fires

incompetent

not having or showing the necessary skills to do something
successfully

(in)conceivable

capable of being imagined or grasped mentally (or not capable of being imagined)

(in)dissoluble

able to be dissolved, loosened, or disconnected (or, solid, not able to be broken apart)

inevitable

certain to happen; unavoidable

infer

to deduce or conclude (information) from evidence and reasoning rather than from clear statements

integrate

to combine one thing with another so that they become a whole

intuition

the ability to understand something immediately, a 'gut feeling'

Exasperate

irritate intensely

Camaraderie

mutual trust and friendship among people who spend a lot of time together.

Dingy

dirty, dull, or shabby

Ostensible

(adj.) appearing as such, seemingly

Chide

(v.) to blame; scold

Invective

abusive language

Commiserate

(v.) to sympathize with, have pity or sorrow for, share a feeling of distress

Placate

To soothe or pacify