Vocab Unit 8 11th Grade

allege

Verb
to assert without proof or confirmation
syn: claim, contend
ant: prove, deny

arrant

Adjective
thoroughgoing, out-and-out; shameless, blatant
syn: egregious, unmitigated

badinage

Noun
light and playful conversation
syn: banter, persiflage, repartee
ant: sermon

conciliate

Verb
to overcome the distrust of, win over; to appease, pacify; to reconcile, make consistent
syn: placate, mollify, propitiate
ant: antagonize, alienate, estrange

countermand

Verb
to cancel or reverse one order or command with another that is contrary to the first
syn: recall, revoke
ant: reaffirm, reassert

echelon

Noun
one of a series of grades in an organization or field of activity; an organized military unit; a steplike formation or arrangement
syn: level, rank

exacerbate

Verb
to make more violent, severe, bitter, or painful
syn: aggravate, intensify, worsen
ant: alleviate, mitigate, ameliorate

fatuous

Adjective
stupid or foolish in a self-satisfied way
syn: silly, vapid, inane, doltish, vacuous
ant: sensible, intelligent, perceptive, bright

irrefutable

Adjective
impossible to disprove; beyond argument
syn: indisputable, incontrovertible, undeniable
ant: disputable, indefensible, untenable

juggernaut

Noun
a massive and inescapable force or object that crushes whatever is in its path

lackadaisical

Adjective
lacking spirit or interest, halfhearted
syn: listless, indolent, indifferent, lax
ant: energetic, vigorous, wholehearted

litany

Noun
a prayer consisting of short appeals to God recited by the leader alternating with responses from the congregation; any repetitive chant; a long list
syn: rigmarole, catalog, Megillah

macabre

Adjective
grisly, gruesome; horrible, distressing; having death as a subject
syn: grotesque, grim, ghoulish

paucity

Noun
an inadequate quantity, scarcity, dearth
syn: lack
ant: abundance, glut, plentitude, deluge

portend

Verb
to indicate beforehand that something is about to happen; to give advance warning of
syn: bode, foretell, foreshadow, suggest

raze

Verb
to tear down, destroy completely; to cut or scrape off or out
syn: pull down, demolish, shave off
ant: build, construct, raise, erect

recant

Verb
to withdraw a statement or belief to which one has previously been committed, renounce, retract
syn: repudiate, disavow
ant: reaffirm, reassert

saturate

Verb
to soak thoroughly, fill to capacity, to satisfy fully
syn: permeate, drench, flood, imbue
ant: drain

saturnine

Adjective
of a gloomy or surly disposition; cold or sluggish in mood
syn: sullen, morose
ant: lighthearted, cheerful, vivacious

slough

Verb
to cast off, discard; to get rid of something objectionable or unnecessary; to plod through as if through mud
Noun
a mire; a state of depression
syn: (v) shed, slog
ant: (V) take on, acquire, assume