Which cells would be involved in healing a bone fracture? Think about ALL four steps, and select all that apply:
Chondrocytes
Osteoblasts
Osteoclasts
Chondrocytes
Osteoblasts
Osteoclasts
Which type of hormone is able to easily diffuse across the cell membrane?
Steroid
Protein
Steroid
Receptors for protein hormones are typically found in what part of the target cell?
The cell membrane
The cytoplasm
The nucleus
The cell membrane
A person is lacking (through genetic mutations) the receptor for a steroid hormone. Which of the following observations are correct?
There are fewer receptors in the plasma membrane of the cell
Even if the hormone is present, there will NOT be a change in
Even if the hormone is present, there will NOT be a change in gene expression
Sometimes a child will begin puberty early (before age 8 or 9), called 'precocious puberty'. What effect would this have on their stature? Think about the effect on bone growth.
They will be tall for their age at first, and remain tall as an adult.
They w
They will be tall for their age at first, but short as an adult.
A patient develops a tumor in one of their parathyroid glands, causing an increase in the release of parathyroid hormone into the blood. What would be the result?
Higher blood calcium concentrations than normal
Lower blood calcium concentrations than norm
Higher blood calcium concentrations than normal
A person has a genetic mutation in the receptor for GH that prevents the hormone from binding to target cells. What levels of IGF-1 do you find in the person?
Higher levels than normal
Lower levels than normal
Normal levels
Lower levels than normal
A tumor develops in a person's pituitary gland and results in excessive and prolonged secretion of GH. What levels of IGF-1 do you find in the person?
Higher levels than normal
Lower levels than normal
Normal levels
Higher levels than normal
The tumor described above develops in a child. What is the physiological response to this tumor?
Decreased chondrocyte division
Lower muscle growth
Greater than normal height
A lower than normal activity of osteoblasts
Greater than normal height
If the scenario above (a tumor in the pituitary gland) instead developed in a patient aged 35, it would result in the patient growing taller.
True
False
FALSE