In spore formation, the stage in which DNA condenses and aligns itself in the center of the cell is called
mother cell
The exosporangium
when present, is the outermost spore layer and the last to form.
The spore layer containing peptidoglycan is the
cortex
As calcium enters the spore
Calcium becomes a part of the spore, not the cell membrane.
The protein coat forms outside the exosporangium.
False
The exosporangium forms outside the protein coat.
Spore formation is initiated when there is a scarcity of nutrients and conditions are adverse.
True
Adverse conditions, including a lack of nutrients, cause spores to form.
Facilitated diffusion requires
carrier proteins.
Facilitated diffusion occurs
in either direction depending on the concentration gradient of the molecule.
Facilitated diffusion is used to transport
sugars and amino acids.
Unlike simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion requires energy expenditure by the cell.
FALSE
Facilitated diffusion requires a specific transporter for a specific molecule.
TRUE
Proton pumps are protein complexes that
pump protons from the interior of the cell to the exterior.
Synthesis of ATP via a proton gradient is called
chemiosmosis.
The protons are generated during oxidation reactions.
FALSE
The membrane is permeable to protons.
FALSE
The phosphate added to glucose in group translocation originally comes from
phosphoenol pyruvate
In group translocation the glucose is carried across the cell membrane by
enzyme IIC
Enzyme I transfers phosphate to
HPr
In group translocation glucose becomes phosphorylated as it enters a cell.
True
Glucose receives a phosphate as it is transported into the cell.
When enzyme I transfers phosphate to HPr, glucose phosphate is released.
False
Pyruvate is released, not glucose phosphate. Glucose phosphate has not been made yet.