Tonicity

tonicity

the tension or effect that a solution with impermeable solutes exerts on cell size because of water movement across the cell membrane

isotonic solution

fluid similar to osmolality in cell & solution; neither shrink nor swell

hypotonic solution

has lower osmolality than ICF; cell swells

hypertonic solution

has higher osmolality than ICF; cell shrinks

decreased

An athlete ran a marathon even though he felt ill. After the race, the athlete collapsed. Clinical manifestations included pale skin, sunken eyes, & a low BP. A knee and ankle were badly swollen & the abdomen was distended with fluid. Appendicitis & dehyd

increased bc dehydration caused loss of volume (increased particles & decreased volume)

An athlete ran a marathon even though he felt ill. After the race, the athlete collapsed. Clinical manifestations included pale skin, sunken eyes, & a low BP. A knee and ankle were badly swollen & the abdomen was distended with fluid. Appendicitis & dehyd

decreased or shrink (hypertonic)

An athlete ran a marathon even though he felt ill. After the race, the athlete collapsed. Clinical manifestations included pale skin, sunken eyes, & a low BP. A knee and ankle were badly swollen & the abdomen was distended with fluid. Appendicitis & dehyd

increased bc more fluid found in ankle, knee, & abdomen

An athlete ran a marathon even though he felt ill. After the race, the athlete collapsed. Clinical manifestations included pale skin, sunken eyes, & a low BP. A knee and ankle were badly swollen & the abdomen was distended with fluid. Appendicitis & dehyd