anabolism
process of building up large proteins from small protein pieces called amino acids
catabolism
process whereby complex nutrients are broken down to simpler substances and energy is released
cell membrane
structure surrounding and protecting the cell. It determines what enters and leaves the cell
chromosomes
rod-shaped structures in the nucleus that contain regions of DNA called genes. There are 46 chromosomes (23 pairs) in every cell except for the egg and sperm cells which contain only 23 individual unpaired chromosomes
cytoplasm
all of the material that is outside the nucleus and yet contained within the cell membrane
DNA
chemical found within each chromosome. arranged like a sequence of recipes in code it directs the activities of the cell
endoplasmic reticulum
network of canals within the cytoplasm of the cell. here, large proteins are made from smaller protein pieces
genes
regions of DNA within each chromosome
karyotype
picture of chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell. the chromosomes are arranged in numerical order to determine their number and structure
metabolism
total of the chemical processes in a cell. it includes catabolism and anabolism
mitochondria
structures in the cytoplasm that provide the principal source of energy (mini power plants) for the cell. catabolism is the process that occurs in mitochondria
nucleus
control center of the cell. it contains chromosomes and directs the activities of the cell
anabolism
process of building up large proteins from small protein pieces called amino acids
catabolism
process whereby complex nutrients are broken down to simpler substances and energy is released
cell membrane
structure surrounding and protecting the cell. It determines what enters and leaves the cell
chromosomes
rod-shaped structures in the nucleus that contain regions of DNA called genes. There are 46 chromosomes (23 pairs) in every cell except for the egg and sperm cells which contain only 23 individual unpaired chromosomes
cytoplasm
all of the material that is outside the nucleus and yet contained within the cell membrane
DNA
chemical found within each chromosome. arranged like a sequence of recipes in code it directs the activities of the cell
endoplasmic reticulum
network of canals within the cytoplasm of the cell. here, large proteins are made from smaller protein pieces
genes
regions of DNA within each chromosome
karyotype
picture of chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell. the chromosomes are arranged in numerical order to determine their number and structure
metabolism
total of the chemical processes in a cell. it includes catabolism and anabolism
mitochondria
structures in the cytoplasm that provide the principal source of energy (mini power plants) for the cell. catabolism is the process that occurs in mitochondria
nucleus
control center of the cell. it contains chromosomes and directs the activities of the cell