Cell Wall
A rigid layer of nonliving material that surrounds the cell
cellulose
The Cell Wall is made of ___________, the most abundant carbohydrate on Earth
Animals
_____________ do not have cell walls
protects
The cell wall ___________ and supports the cell
pass
Water, oxygen, proteins, etc can _____________ through cell walls
Cell Membrane
Controls what enters and leaves the cell (selectively permeable)
inside
The Cell Membrane is located just __________ the cell wall
harmful
The Cell Membrane protects the cell by keeping ___________ materials out
Bi-layer
The Cell Membrane is the ___________ of phospholipids
Nucleus
the control center of the cell, the brain of the cell
Nuclear Envelope
The nucleus has its own special membrane called the ______________ _____________
pores
Materials pass into and out of the nucleus through nuclear _________, small holes in the membrane
Chromatin
The DNA is found in the nucleus as long, threadlike strands
controller
The chromatin tells the cell what to do, it is the in the _______________control room (RNA)
Nucleolus
Small, dense region inside the nucleus
ribosomes
Nucleolus makes _____________
cytoplasm
the region between the cell membrane and the nucleus
Mitochondria
The cell's powerhouse
oxygen
The Mitochondria converts food molecules (glucose) to energy with ______________
Endoplasmic Reticulum
A series of pathways and tubes that carry proteins from one region of the cell to another
internal
The Endoplasmic Reticulum are the ___________ transport system of the cell
Rough
Two types of the Endoplasmic Reticulum are Smooth and ___________
Ribosomes
small organelles that can be found floating in the cytoplasm or attached to the ER
factories
Ribosomes are small "_____________" that make proteins w/Rna from the nucleolus
Golgi Bodies
Look like a stack of flattened stacks and
Receive proteins & other materials from ER & package for redistribution
ship
Golgi Bodies are the FedEx of the cell, can _______ materials to other parts of the cell or to other cells
Chloroplasts
Capture energy from the sun and convert it into chemical energy (glucose) through photosynthesis
plant
Chloroplasts are found only in _______ cells
Vacuoles
Storage organelles
one
Plant cells usually have _____ large vacuole
Lysosomes
Small organelles containing enzymes and other chemicals.
Break down food, wastes, old organelles, etc
kill
Lysosomes can _______ the cell when needed
Specialized cells
Cells become specialized in multicellular organisms
Stem cells
cells that have not yet specialized & can become any type of cell
Bacterial cells
Smaller than plant, animal, fungal, or protist cells. They do not have a nucleous
Eukaryotic Cells
Cells with a nucleus are called _____________________
Prokaryotic Cells
Cells with no nucleus are called ___________________
Cell Wall
A rigid layer of nonliving material that surrounds the cell
cellulose
The Cell Wall is made of ___________, the most abundant carbohydrate on Earth
Animals
_____________ do not have cell walls
protects
The cell wall ___________ and supports the cell
pass
Water, oxygen, proteins, etc can _____________ through cell walls
Cell Membrane
Controls what enters and leaves the cell (selectively permeable)
inside
The Cell Membrane is located just __________ the cell wall
harmful
The Cell Membrane protects the cell by keeping ___________ materials out
Bi-layer
The Cell Membrane is the ___________ of phospholipids
Nucleus
the control center of the cell, the brain of the cell
Nuclear Envelope
The nucleus has its own special membrane called the ______________ _____________
pores
Materials pass into and out of the nucleus through nuclear _________, small holes in the membrane
Chromatin
The DNA is found in the nucleus as long, threadlike strands
controller
The chromatin tells the cell what to do, it is the in the _______________control room (RNA)
Nucleolus
Small, dense region inside the nucleus
ribosomes
Nucleolus makes _____________
cytoplasm
the region between the cell membrane and the nucleus
Mitochondria
The cell's powerhouse
oxygen
The Mitochondria converts food molecules (glucose) to energy with ______________
Endoplasmic Reticulum
A series of pathways and tubes that carry proteins from one region of the cell to another
internal
The Endoplasmic Reticulum are the ___________ transport system of the cell
Rough
Two types of the Endoplasmic Reticulum are Smooth and ___________
Ribosomes
small organelles that can be found floating in the cytoplasm or attached to the ER
factories
Ribosomes are small "_____________" that make proteins w/Rna from the nucleolus
Golgi Bodies
Look like a stack of flattened stacks and
Receive proteins & other materials from ER & package for redistribution
ship
Golgi Bodies are the FedEx of the cell, can _______ materials to other parts of the cell or to other cells
Chloroplasts
Capture energy from the sun and convert it into chemical energy (glucose) through photosynthesis
plant
Chloroplasts are found only in _______ cells
Vacuoles
Storage organelles
one
Plant cells usually have _____ large vacuole
Lysosomes
Small organelles containing enzymes and other chemicals.
Break down food, wastes, old organelles, etc
kill
Lysosomes can _______ the cell when needed
Specialized cells
Cells become specialized in multicellular organisms
Stem cells
cells that have not yet specialized & can become any type of cell
Bacterial cells
Smaller than plant, animal, fungal, or protist cells. They do not have a nucleous
Eukaryotic Cells
Cells with a nucleus are called _____________________
Prokaryotic Cells
Cells with no nucleus are called ___________________