cell membrane
-surrounds cell (outside boundary)
-has pores that control what comes in and goes out of the cell
nucleus
-inside the cell
-control center ("brain"); directs all of the cell's activities
nuclear membrane
-surrounds the nucleus
-protects nucleus; has pores to let some things in or out of the nucleus
chromatin
-thin strands floating in the nucleus
-contains genetic material (instructions that direct the function of the cell)
nucleolus
-inside the nucleus
-makes ribosomes
cytoplasm
-fills space between the cell membrane and the nucleus
- clear, think, gel-like fluid
mitochondria
-throughout the cell
-powerhouse - produces energy
ribosomes
-attached to outer surface on the ER
-produces proteins
golgi bodies
-near the ER
-"mail room" - recieves proteins from the ER, packages and distributes
lysosomes
-small round structures floating in cytoplasm
-"cleanup crew" - contain chemicals that break down large food particles & cleans up old cell parts
vacuoles
-large sacs floating in the cytoplasm
-storage area of the cell - stores food and waste
cell wall
-surrounds cell
-protects and supports cell - made of cellulose
(only in plant cells)
chloroplasts
-floating in the cytoplasm
-captures energy from the sun and uses it to produce food for the cell
(only in plant cells)
cell appendages
-on the outside (not all cells have them)
-used for movement
vesicles
-small round structures floating in cytoplasm
-transport substances around cells
cytoskeleton
-in the cytoplasm
-network of threadlike proteins joined together
-form a framework that gives the cell its shape
smooth (ER)
-passageways that spread from the nucleus
-makes lipids such as cholesterol
-helps remove harmful substances
rough (ER)
-spreads from the nucleus
-has ribosomes on its surface
-site of protein production