Health - Ch. 10 Review

Nutrition

The process by which your body takes in and uses food

Nutrients

Substances in food that your body needs to grow, to repair itself, and to supply you with energy

Calorie

A unit of heat used to measure the energy your body uses and the energy it receives from food

Hunger

The natural physical drive to eat, prompted by the body's need for food

Appetite

The psychological desire for food

Carbohydrates

Starches and sugars found in foods which provide your body's main source of energy

Fiber

A tough, complex, carbohydrate that the body cannot digest

Proteins

Nutrients the body uses to build and maintain its cells and tissues

Cholesterol

A waxy, fatlike substance

Vitamins

Compounds found in food that help regulate many body processes

Minerals

Elements found in food that are used by the body

Osteoporosis

A condition in which the bones become fragile and break easily

Dietary Guidelines for America

A set of recommendation about smart eating and physical activity for all Americans

MyPyramid

An interactive guide to healthful eating and active living

Nutrient-Dense

A high ratio of nutrients to calories

Food Additives

Substances added to a food to produce a desired effect

Food-Borne Illness

Food poisoning

Pasteurization

Treating a substance with heat to kill or slow the growth of pathogens

Cross-Contamination

The spreading of pathogens from one food to another

Food Allergy

A condition in which the body's immune system reacts to substances in some foods

Food Intolerance

A negative reaction to food that does not involve the immune system

Type 2 Diabetes

What is a disease associated with unhealthful weight gain?

Fats/ Proteins

Which type of nutrient helps maintain healthy skin and hair?

Physical Activity

The number of calories that you can eat each day without gaining weight depends on what?

10-19% of the daily value for that nutrient

If a label claims a food is a "good source of" fiber, the food must provide what?

Anaphylaxis

What is the most dangerous type of allergic reaction to food?

Calories

The energy provided by food is measured in what?

Family & Culture

If Juan usually overeats at his grandmother's house on holidays, which factors are most likely influencing his food choices on those days?

Grains, fruits, vegetables

Jana's doctor said that she should eat more fiber. Which types of foods can she eat to get more fiber?

Builds up the body

It is more dangerous to consume large amounts of vitamin E than vitamin C because excess vitamin E does what?

They fall into different categories (dark green & orange) - getting supplement of vegetables for the day

Kale and carrots best illustrate the dietary recommendation to "vary your veggies", why is this?

Nutrient-dense

The dietary guidelines for Americans recommend having a diet with a high ratio of nutrients to calories, which means the food is what?

10%

One serving of a food provides 100 calories and 5 grams of protein. The average person needs about 2,000 calories and 50 grams of protein each day. What percent of the daily value of protein does one serving of the food provide?

Poultry

Which food should be cooked to the highest internal temperature?

Dispose food that sits out for hours

To help ensure food safety you should always what?

Food intolerance doesn't have to do with the immune system

Drugs that counter immune system reactions are sometimes prescribed for food allergies but not food intolerances. This is most likely because food intolerances do what?

1. Energy source
2. Heal, build, & repair tissue
3. Growth regulation
4. Transport oxygen to cells
5. Regulate body functions

In what ways does your body use nutrients? (5)

1. Vitamins
2. Minerals
3. Water

Some nutrients do not supply calories but are still necessary for carrying out various body functions, these include what?

1. Carbohydrates
2. Proteins
3. Fats
(Cole Feeds on Porcupine)

What nutrients provide your body with energy? (3)

1. Simple
2. Complex
3. Fiber

There are three types of carbohydrates, what are they? (3)

1. Saturated
2. Unsaturated
3. Trans

There are three types of fats, what are they? (3)

1. Grains
2. Vegetables
3. Fruit
4. Milk
5. Meat & Beans

What are the 5 major food groups? (5)

1. Make smart choices from each food group
2. Find your balance between food & activity
3. Get the most nutrition out of your calories

The Dietary Guidelines for Americans have three key guidelines for active living, what are they? (3)

1. Clean
2. Separate
3. Cook
4. Chill

The Dietary Guidelines outline four basic steps for keeping food safe. What are they? (4)

1. Moving through the digestive system
2. Digest carbohydrates & proteins
3. Transporting nutrients and removing waste
4. Storing & releasing heat
5. Cooling the body
6. Cushioning the eyes, brain, and spinal cord
7. Lubricating the joints
(Molly Doesn't

Water is essential for most body functions. All of the body cells contain water. What are the 7 functions of water? (7)

1. Cramps
2. Diarrhea
3. Nausea
4. Vomiting
5. Fever
(COLD DUCKS NOD VERY FAST)

Some common symptoms of food-borne illness include what? (5)