interphase
Period of time where a cell carries out cell processes and replicates DNA prior to cell division
chromatid
Each half of the chromosome
chromosome
A doubled rod of condensed chromatin; contains DNA that carries genetic information
centromere
Area where the chromatids of a chromosome are attached
cell cycle
An ordered sequence of events in the life of a eukaryotic cell; process of growth and division.
Mitosis
stage of cell cycle where the nucleus divides
Cancer
Cells skip checkpoints and divide uncontrollably
Prophase
first stage of mitosis, nuclear envelope disappears, chromosomes condense
Metaphase
second stage of mitosis, centrioles move to opposite ends of cell, spindle fibers attach to chromosomes, chromosomes line up in middle
Anaphase
third stage of mitosis, spindle fibers shorten pulling chromosomes apart
Telophase
fourth stage of mitosis, cells begin to form new nuclei
Cytokinesis
final stage of the cell cycle, cells divide and move apart
Centriole
organelle the sends out spindle fibers
Spindle fiber
emerge from centrioles, attach to chromosomes to pull them apart during mitosis
Carcinogens
tobacco, radiation, UV exposure, etc.
7
If a parent cell has 7 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will each daughter cell have?
14
If there are 7 duplicated chromosomes? How many chromatids are there?
46
how many chromosomes in a human cell?