cytoplasm, DNA, plasma membrane
3 things all cells have in common
the cell theory
every cell is a descendent from another cell. This idea is part of?
have no nucleus
unlike eukaryotic cells, prokaryotic cells
constrains cell size
the surface to volume ration
phospholipids; proteins
cell membrane consists mainly of what two things?
hydrophobic tails; hydrophilic heads
In a lipid bilayer, the _______ of all the lipid molecules are sandwiched between all of the __________
Proteins
most of a membrane's diverse functions are carried out by
nuclear pores, which consist of membrane proteins
what controls the passage of molecules into and out of the nucleus?
building and modifying proteins and lipids
the main function of the endomembrane system is
True
T or F:
only eukaryotic cells have mitochondria
lysosomes
enzymes contained in ______ break down worn-out organelles, bacteria, and other particles
plasmodesmata
________ connects the cytoplasm of plant cells
ATP production
what is the function of the mitochondrion?
photosynthesis
what is the function of chloroplast?
protein synthesis
what is the function of a ribosome?
protects DNA
what is the function of a nucleus?
connects cells
what is the function of cell junction?
sclerenchyma
in plants, fibers are a type of _______ cell
parenchyma cells
ground tissue consists mainly of _______
companion cells, sieve elements
which two cell types stay alive when they mature?
eudicot stem
all of the following vascular bundles inside a typical __________ are arranged in a ring
false
T or F:
lateral roots form nodes on roots
dermal
epidermis and periderm are _______ tissues
a vein
a vascular bundle in a leaf is called __________
multiple vascular bundle; one vascular cylinder
Typically, vascular tissue is organized as ______ in stems and as ______ in roots.
taproot system
in a ____, the primary root is typically the largest
increase the root's cortex to above ground shoots
the main function of root hairs is to ____________
apical meristems
roots and shoots lengthen through activity at ___________
thickens
The activity of lateral meristems ________ older roots and stems.
environmental conditions influence xylem cell size
tree rings occur because ____________
cortex
what part of the plant is the ground tissue?
vascular cambium
what part of the plant is the lateral meristem?
mesophyll
What part of the plant is the photosynthetic parenchyma?
wood
What part of the plant is the secondary xylem?
parallel veins
What part of the plant is formed by the epidermal cells?
stomata
What part of the plant is characterized by the monocot leaves?
angiosperms
flowering plants are ______
biennials
carrots are examples for ______
most dicots
Netted venation is found in the leaves of:
monocots
fibrous roots are found in:
living tissue
parenchyma is a _________ tissue:
plastids
what is present in plant cells only?
centriole
what is present in animal cells only?