Ch 4 legal and ethical aspects of nursing

advanced directive

written instructions clients give in advance about the types of healthcare they desire should they become unable to decide for themselves

alias

an assigned name under which certain clients are admitted to (and records kept in) a healthcare facility in order to maintain anonymity

assault

a violent act, either physical or verbal

assisted suicide

helping an individual who wants to end his or her life to do so

battery

physical striking or beating, as assault and battery

biological death

permanent and irreversible cessation of the body's physical and chemical processes and failure of body cells

brain death

irreversible cessation of the brain and brain stem function to the extent that cardiopulmonary function must be mechanically maintained. Criteria for determination vary between states (also called cerebral death, irreversible coma, and persistent vegetati

crime

an illegal act; a felony or misdemeanor; an offense which is against the law

endorsement

process by which a licensed nurse in one state may receive a license in another state, without retaking the licensing exam

ethics

codes or rules of behavior

euthanasia

an easy or painless death (may be induced), often referred to as mercy death or mercy killing; deliberately ending the life of a person who has an incurable or painful disease

felony

a crime more serious than a misdemeanor, usually punishable by imprisonment for more than a year. Felonies include murder, euthanasia, kidnapping, and blackmail.

Good Samaritan Act

law in effect in most states that protects healthcare providers from liability when performing emergency care within the limits of first aid if they act in a "reasonable and prudent manner

informed consent

giving full information and making sure the client understands before the client consents to surgery or other medical procedures

legal death

death, usually declared by a physician, as total absence of activity of any of the body's systems

liability

something one is required to do, an obligation , often financial; being found guilty of inappropriate or illegal acts

libel

a false or damaging written statement or photograph

malpractice

injurious or faulty treatment; professional misconduct

misdemeanor

a crime less serious than a felony, usually punishable by a fine or imprisonment for less than a year

negligence

harm done to a person because of failure to do something that a responsible person would do; doing something a responsible person would not do; irresponsible care

Nurse Practice Act

the law governing nursing practice in a state or territory

slander

malicious and false verbal statements

tort

a wrong or injury committed against a person or property for which the injured person has the right to sue

AHA

American Hospital Association

AMA

against medical advice

CAT

computerized adaptive testing

CEH

continuing education hours

CEU

continuing education units

CPR

cardiopulmonary resuscitation

EEG

electroencephalograms

EPHI

Electronic Protected Health Information

HIPAA

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act

LPN/LVN

practical nurse

NCLEX/PN

National Council Licensing Examination for Practical Nurses

NCLEX/RN

National Council Licensing Examination for Registered Nurses

NCSBN

National Council of State Boards of Nursing

PHI

Protected Health Information

PSDA

Patient Self-Determination Act

RN

registered nurse

ROI

Release of Information

UNOS

United Network of Organ Sharing