HAS 4400 - Chapter 3

__________ are designed to provide patients through a legal document the ability to appoint health care agents to make treatment decisions in the event they become incompetent to make their own decisions.

Health care proxies

The instrument or legal document that describes those treatments an individual wishes or does not wish to receive should he or she become incapacitated and unable to communicate treatment decisions is referred to as a __________.

living will

According to __________, every human being of adult years has a right to determine what shall be done with his own body; and the surgeon who performs an operation without his patient's consent commits an assault for which he is liable for damages.

Schloendorff v. Society of New York Hospital

In the Confucian and Buddhist religions, __________ was an acceptable answer to unendurable pain and incurable disease.

suicide

A __________ is a legal device that permits one individual, known as the "principal," to give another person, called the "attorney in fact," the authority to act on his or her behalf.

durable power of attorney

_____________ of treatment should be considered when the patient is in a terminal condition and there is a reasonable expectation of imminent death.

Withdrawal

__________ relates to a medical occurrence om which the physician recognizes that the effect of treatment will be of no benefit to the patient.

Futility of treatment

When there exists an element of uncertainty regarding a patient's wishes in an emergency situation, the situation should be resolved __________.

in a way that favors the preservation of life.

__________ euthanasia occurs when lifesaving treatment (such as a respirator) is withdrawn or withheld, allowing the terminally ill patient to die a natural death

Passive

The intentional commission of an act, such as getting a patient a lethal drug that results in death is referred, to as __________ euthanasia

active

__________treatment is a decision not to initiate treatment or medical intervention for the patient.

Withholding

When a court declares a patient incompetent, it can appoint a(n) __________ for the patient.

guardian

___________ is defined broadly as "the mercy killing of the hopelessly ill, injured, or incapacitated.

Euthanasia

The "Patient Self-Determination Act of 1980" was enacted to ensure that patients are informed of their rights to execute advanced directives and accept or __________ medical care.

refuse

___________ euthanasia occurs when a person suffering an incurable disease makes the decision to die.

Voluntary

___________ orders are those given by a physician indicating that in the event of a cardiac or respiratory arrest "no" resuscitative measures should be used to revive the patient.

DNR

__________ became the first state to legalize physician-assisted suicide.

Oregon

The Supreme Court has ruled that there exists no constitutional right to assisted suicide. This decision allowed the state of Michigan to prosecute ________________ for assisting patients in committing suicide.

Kevorkian

The Supreme Court has ruled that there is __________.

no constitutional right to assisted suicide