Anatomy chapter 16 sec 1 + 2

List the 5 major bodily processes controlled by hormones?

1. Reproduction
2. Growth & development
3.Maintenance of electrolyte, water, and nutrient balance of the blood
4. Regulation of cellular metabolism and energy balance
5. Mobilization of body defenses

Name the 5 major endocrine glands.

Pituitary (brain), Pineal (brain), thyroid (throat), parathyroid (throat), adrenal (kidneys)

Give the 2 chemical classifications of hormones.

Amino acid based and steroids

What are the 2 forms in which hormones circulate in the blood.

Free or bound to a protein

Name the 3 major types of stimuli that trigger endocrine glands.

Humoral, neural, hormonal

Acromegaly

overgrowth of bones such as the bones of the face and hands)

Anterior pituitary gland

made up of glandular tissue that manufactures and releases hormones

cAMP-

messenger used in at least 10 amino-acid based hormones

Endocrinology-

the study of hormones and endocrine organs

Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)

regulates the gonads (testes and ovaries)

Growth hormone

stimulates growth and targets bones and skeletal muscles
Half life- the length of time it takes for a hormones blood level to decrease by half; it can be anywhere from a fraction of a minute to a week

Prolactin (PRL)

stimulates milk in females

Target cells-

what a hormone acts on and they alter cell activity by increasing or decreasing the rate of the normal cellular process

Thyroid stimulating hormone (THS)

Stimulates the thyroid and causes it to secrete hormones

Tropic hormone

regulate the secretory action of other endocrine glands

Hormone-

chemical messengers released into the blood to be transported through the body

Dwarfism-

the growth hormone deficiency in children

Neural stimuli

the release of hormones in response to nerve fiber stimulation (ex: norepinephrine and epinephrine)

gigantism

height of at least 8 ft with normal proportions