Which of the following lists the correct, generalized sequence of climates from the equator to the poles
Tropical->Dry->Mesothermal->Microthermal->Polar
Where is the highest frequency of tornadoes per 10,000 mi^2 in the US
Oklahoma
Summer afternoon thundershowers in the southeastern US are more than likely a result of
Convectional lifting
the annual temperature range of places located in the interior of a continent is _____ those located along the coast at the same latitude
greater than
The Coriolis force
causes the apparent deflection of winds from a straight path
the great circulations in the ocean basins occur around the ______ pressure systems and are known as _______
Subtropical High; gyres
when water freezes, its density...
decreases
air masses which develop over canada are examples of _______ air masses
cP
Atlanta, Georgia, Buenos Aires, Argentina, and Nagasaki, Japan all share the following climate classification
Humid Subtropical hot-summer
... 1
there is a surprising lack of correlation btwn Carbon dioxide levels and temperatures
which of the following is true of high pressure areas
air descends and diverges within high pressure systems
which of the following is not a greenhouse gas
Nitrogen
what type of cloud has a thin wispy appearance, consists of ice crystals, and often precedes a warm front
cirrus
which is true of the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon
sea surface temperatures can increase more than 8 degrees C above normal in central and eastern pacific during an ENSO
an instrument used to measure air pressure is
an aneroid barometer
as air sinks down the leeward side of a mountain, it will move into a region of _______ air pressure and will therefore be _______ by compression
higher; heated
tornadoes are ranked in terms of wind speed and related property damage using the _______ scale
enhanced Fujita
which is true of air flowing into low pressure center
air converges and descends
which of the following describes the pressure gradient force
it drives air from areas of higher to lower barometric pressure
hurricanes derive their energy from ______
the latent heat of condensation
excess surface water percolates through the zone of ________ to reach the zone of ______ and the water table
aeration; saturation
climate is ______
the long term atmospheric condition-including extremes that may occur
precipitation normally refers too...
rain, sleet, snow, and hail
the condensation process requires ________ and _________
condensation nuclei and saturated air
humid subtropical climates receive _______ precipitation during the summer and ________ precipitation during the winter
convectional; frontal
cold and Dry" temperature and precipitation patterns are characteristic of _________
Polar climates
normal sea level pressure has a value of _______
1013.2 millibars
air that is not saturated will cool or heat at a rate of _______ as it rises or descends, respectively
10 deg. C per 1000 m
... 2
clay
a fog that develops when warm, moist air blows over a cold current (such as the California Current) is an example of _______ fog
advection
which of the following is associated with these names: Sonora, Kalahari, Namib, Atacama
subtropical high pressure
the severity of storm activity along a warm front is _______ than that along most cold fronts b/c the rate of uplift is _______ along a warm front
less; slower
the general term that refers to the tendency of a parcel of air to either remain in place or change its initial position is _______
stability
between 20 to 35 deg. north latitude and 20 to 35 deg south latitude are _______
the world's arid and semi-arid desert regions
the term "Rain Shadow" refers to
dry regions on the leeward side of mountain ranges
a mT air mass is likely to be ______ than a cT air mass b/c the mT air mass ________
wetter; forms over the ocean
a isoline of equal pressure plotted on a weather map is known as ______
an isobar
when water evaporates, it _______ heat energy and ______ the surrounding air
absorbs; cools
which of the following is true of migrating centers of low pressure in the northern hemisphere
these pressure systems are characterized by converging, ascending air that spirals inward in a counterclockwise fashion
relative humidity is...
the amount of water vapor in the air at a given temperature expressed as a percentage of the water vapor capacity of the air
the High Plain aquifer...
received much of its water from melting glaciers in the past
hail forms....
when water freezes inside a cloud and is then recirculated by convections currents until it falls
a water bearing rock stratum is called an _______
aquifer
which instrument would you use to measure wind speed
an anemometer
greenhouse gases act to ________ temperatures by ________ thermal infrared radiation
increase; absorbing and releasing
the tropical rain forest climate receives most of its rainfall as a result of _______
convectional uplift
the mercury barometer (consisting of mercury in a tube, sealed at one end and open at the other, and inserted in a vessel of mercury), was invented by _______
Evangelista Torricelli
clouds that have vertical development and produce thunderstorms are called ________
cumulonimbus
... 3
ice caps and glaciers
the warmest years in the history of weather instruments were ________
2005, 2007, 2009, and 1998
the greater the difference in temperature btwn the wet bulb and dry bulb on a sling psychrometer, the _______ the air is and the _________ the relative humidity
drier; lower
what is the heat energy involved in the change of state, or phase, in water?
latent heat
the dry season in the tropical monsoon climate occurs when....
the ITCZ is not overhead
Tornadoes in the US occur as a result of the interaction of warm, moist ______ air masses with cold, dry _______ air masses, respectively
mT; cP
which of the following primary pressure areas are produced by thermal factors, rather than dynamic factors
equatorial low and polar high
the area of conflict btwn colder and warmer air masses in the subpolar region is....
termed the polar front
surface tension and capillarity are the result of ________
hydrogen bonding
the jet streams help control ________
all of the above:
-the boundary between cold polar air to the north and warm air to the south
-the movement of storms
-the movement of high and low pressure systems
on a weather map of air pressure, what can you infer from a closer spacing of isobars
a steep pressure gradient creating a faster flow of air
the line of contact btwn zone of aeration and zone of saturation is known as _______
water table
the term "Groundwater Mining" refers to...
the removal of ground water at a rate faster than that at which it can be replaced
which part of a hurricane consists of dry, subsiding air
eye
the horizontal motion of air relative to earth's surface is _______
wind
land-sea breezes are caused by
onshore (toward the land) air flows that develop in the afternoon
potential evapotranspiration refers to...
the amount of water that would evaporate or transpire if it were available
weather is _______
the short term condition of the atmosphere
in the water budget, _______ is the major receipt and _________ is the major expenditure
PRECIP; ACTET
cooling of a surface overnight that chills the air layer directly above that surface may form _______
a radiation fog
a humidity measure that remains constant as temperature and pressure change, and which is expressed as a mass of water vapor per mass of air, is _______
specific humidity
... 4
increased humidity
the normal range for air pressure at sea level is _______
980-1050 mb
Eustasy refers to
worldwide changes in sea level
glacio-eustatic factors refer to
changes in sea level related to the increase or decrease in quantities of ice
precipitation that reaches earth's surface penetrates the soil surface through the process of ________
infiltration
if precipitation and soil moisture are inadequate to meet potential evapotranspiration demands, the moisture condition is described as ________
a deficit