Redirect/recross examination
the opportunity for the lawyer to question the witness again, before that witness finishes testifying. Judges have a great deal of leeway in deciding what kinds of questions to allow on redirect and recross
Objection
a protest to the court against an act or omission by the opposing party
Objection overruled
a ruling by the court upholding the act or omission of the opposing party.
Objection sustained
a ruling by the court in favor of the party making the objection
Objection based on foundation
most often applies to exhibits or pieces of evidence other than testimony that are brought into court without an explanation of where they came from or what they represent
Objection to a leading question
a leading question suggest an answer and is allowable only when directed to the opposing party to the lawsuit or to an 'adverse witness' during cross examination
Objection based on relevance
occurs when either the question asked or the answer given does not relate to the case at hand
Objection based on speculation
this occurs when counsel is asking a question that calls for a witness to guess at the answer
Recess
a break in a trial or other court proceedings
Closing arguments
the concluding statement of each party's counsel reiterating the important arguments for the judge or jury
Hung jury
jury that cannot agree upon a verdict after extended deliberation and is unable to reach the required unanimity
Mistrial
an inconclusive trial either due to a procedural error or a hung jury
Guilty verdict
the determination by a judge or jury that the defendant is guilty
Verdict of not guilty
the determination by a judge or jury that the elements of a crime
Fine
a monetary amount to be paid as punishment for committing a crime
Restitution
a penalty requiring the return of stolen goods or monetary payment to the victim for losses
Time served
a sentence given to a convicted criminal equal to the crime he or she was incarcerated while awaiting trial or resolution of the case
Jail sentence
a sentence of confinement in a jail usually for less than one year's time
Work release
a program which allows inmates to leave the correctional facility during the day to maintain employment as long as they return at night and on weekends
Diversion
a program by which the defendant's case is not take through the complete criminal court process as long as he or she undergoes rehabilitation and/or makes restitution