Chapter 1 (Introduction to Law Enforcement)

Certified

Sworn, as in certified police officer

Nolo Contendere

A legal plea in which an individual does not accept or deny responsibility for the charges but agrees to accept punishment

Assumption

A notion, statement or belief about a person, group or event that may or may not be factual

Bias/prejudice

A strong belief that or feeling about a person, group, or subject, whether positive or negative, that is formed without reviewing all available facts or information

bribery

to give, offer, or promise a benefit or gift to any public servant in order to influence the performance of any act or omission within the official discretion of that person

conflict of interest

The actions and situations that could conflict with official responsibilities

discrimination

negative behavior toward a person or because of prejudice involving color, race, sex, age, religion, ethic and national origin, handicap, and/or marital status

ethics

the standards of conduct based on moral duties and virtues that are derived from the principles of right and wrong

ethical behavior

principled, value, based decision making practiced daily

gratuity

anything of value intedned to benefit the giver more than the receiver; something given to a person because of that person's position or authority

perception

an impression in a person's mind of an individual, people, or events based on experiences, biases, beliefs, assumptions, and observations; the process of organizing and attaching meaning to sensations, so that they can be interpreted

perjury

A false statement made under oath which the person speaking does not believe to be true

personal values

individual convictions about what is right and wrong based on religious beliefs, cultural roots, family background, personal experiences, laws, organizational values, professional norms, and political habits

professionalism

A behavior that follows the prescribed Law Enforcement Code of Ethics, which demonstrates good character and is marked by pride in self and career

stereotyping

A fixed and unvarying idea or opinion of a person, group, or subject

values

The principles, standards, or qualities considered worthwhile or desirable; the core beliefs or desires that guide or motivate attitudes and actions

hostile work environment

A work situation in which lewd jokes or offensive habits are acceptable

quid pro quo

A latin term meaning "something for something in return

sexual harassment

unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, and other verbal physical conduct of a sexual nature

community control

(House Arrest) community supervision in which a person is closely monitored and is more restrictive than probation or parole

corrections

the part of the legal system responsible for enforcing punishment defined by the court system

court system

the part of the legal system responsible for the interpretation of laws

criminal justice

the structures, functions, and decision-making processes of agencies that deal with the management and control of crime and criminal offenders

jurisdiction

the types of cases in which the court can make decisions

law enforcement

the part of the criminal justice system responsible for the enforcement of and maintaining civil order

parole

the release of an inmate from a correctional institution prior to the end of the inmate's court-imposed sentence

probation

A sentence placing a person under the supervision of a probation officer for a specified length of time instead of in confinement

Chain of command

the order of authority within an organization

delegation of authority

when a person with authority grants power to another person

insubordination

a failure to follow orders from superiors in the chain of command

lateral communication

the communication in an organization that travels across employees on the same level within the chain of command

vertical communication

the information that flows down through the supervision level to the lowest levels of the organization

Criminal Justice Standards and Traning Commission

Composed of 19 members representing criminal justice professionals throughout the state, was created to oversee the certification, employment, training, maintenance of officer records, and conduct of Florida law enforcement, correctional, and correctional

How often does the CJSTC meet?

quarterly, to ensure that the citizens of the state of Florida are served by the most qualified, well-trained, competent, and ethical criminal justice officers in the nation

Section 934.09, F.S.

created the Criminal Justice Professionalism Program(CJPP) within FDLE to support and assist the commission in the execution, administration, implementation, and evaluation of its powers, duties, and functions.

Criminal Justice Professionalism Program(CJPP)

within FDLE to support and assist the commission in the execution, administration, implementation, and evaluation of its powers, duties, and functions.

S 934.09, F.S.

sets the minimum requirements and standards that a person needs to meet before becoming certified as an officer

Amount of time a recruit has to get certified

4 years from the start date of the academy

In order to be certified a person must...

meet all the minimum requirements and standards, complete the approved basic recruit training, pass the SOCE, and be employed

Number of attempts an applicant has to pass the SOCE

3

What does a background investigation determine?

moral character

The commission can take the following actions against an officers certification

written reprimand, probation of up to two years, suspension of up to two years, and revocation of certification

After the Commission revokes an officers certification....

the officer can no longer work as a certified officer in the state of Florida

In official proceedings, perjury is considered a ...

Felony

Burlington Industries v. Ellerth

The courts have held that intent is not a factor in determining what constitutes sexual harassment, focus is put towards the impact of the conduct

Civil Rights Act of 1963, Title VII

it is unlawful for employees to discriminate in the workplace

Meritor Savings Bank v. Vinson

Courts hold employers responsible for acts of sexual harassment by their employees in the workplace

The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC)

The governmental agency that enforces compliance with the Civil Rights Act (Title VII)

Three main components of the criminal justice system

law enforcement, the court system, and corrections

Four levels of law enforcement

Local or municipal, county, state, and federal

Percentage of American law enforcement that is at the local level

over 75% of total sworn personnel

County Civil Processing

involves law enforcement's assistance to the court system, which can include serving subpoenas, enforcing eviction notices, and providing court bailiffs

Florida Department of Law Enforcement (FDLE)

promotes public safety and strengthens domestic security by providing services in partnership with local, state, and federal criminal justice agencies to prevent, investigate, and solve crimes while protecting Florida's citizens and visitors (Also promote

State Judges in Florida are elected or appointed by...

The governor

Federal Judges are appointed by....

The president

Do the federal courts generally take precedence over the state courts?

Yes, they are the highest courts in the U.S.

Florida state court system's four levels

Florida county courts, Florida Circuit Courts, Florida District Courts of Appeals, and Florida Supreme Court

Florida County Courts

67 County courts, have limited jurisdiction and handle the following:
-Minor criminal offenses (M), provide maximum sentence of one year or less in county jail.
-County and municipal ordinance violations, including traffic infractions
-civil cases invovin

Florida Circuit Courts

20 Circuit Courts and handle the following:
-domestic relations cases
-major criminal offenses (F), imprisonment in state corr.
-probate matters, deceased persons
-civil cases involving +$15,000
-Baker Act and Marchman cases
-issuance of search and arrest

Florida District Courts of Appeal (DCA)

5 DCA, decides appeals from circuit courts in most criminal and civil cases

Florida Supreme Court

Highest court in the state of Florida, consists of seven justices who are appointed by the governor. Hears cases including final orders imposing death penalties and appeals from lower state courts

United States Federal Court Systems

U.S. District Courts, Courts of Appeal, and Supreme Court of U.S.

U.S. District Courts

Federal trial courts presided over by U.S. district judges, who are assisted by magistrates

Magistrates

appointed by the district judges and are responsible for issuing warrants, making pretrial motions, and presiding over some civil cases, misdemeanor trials, petty cases, and preliminary hearings

Courts of Appeals

Formerly known as the Circuit Courts of Appeals, make decisions on appeals from lower federal courts, which are subject to review in the U.S. Supreme Court

Supreme Court of the United States

Highest court in the U.S., and the chief authority in the judicial branch- one of three branches of the U.S. federal government.

Judicial Review

enables the court to invalidate both federal and state laws when they conflict with its interpretation of the Constitution

Judge

authorized to preside over the courtroom and to decide questions of law brought before the court

Prosecutor

responsible for presenting the government's case. Each court has its own prosecutor. In federal court, the U.S. Attorney's Office serves this function.

Defense Attorney

responsible for representing the defendant's case

Clerk of Court

Elected by county, responsible for maintaining files and official records and issuing subpoenas. Deputy clerks are appointed to assist judges in court paperwork and proceedings

Court Administrator

responsible for date-to-day administration of a court system

jury

group of citizens who determine questions of fact in trial. Not required for court to hear a case. In a nonjury or bench trial, the judge hears the case and renders a verdict

bailiff

court deputy who is, generally,

Ethical ____ are rules of conduct derived from ethical values

Principles

Which Florida Statue refers to perjury by false written declaration?

92.525

Which Florida Statue refers to perjury in official proceedings?

837.02

Who is responsible for appointing federal judges in the United States court system?

President

Which Florida Statue refers to misuse of confidential information?

839.26

____are federal trial courts presided over by U.S. district judges, who are assisted by magistrates.

U.S. District Courts

Is Sexual Harassment a form of Discrimination?

yes

Which Florida Statute refers to perjury by contradictory statements?

837.021

Which Florida Statute refers to false reports to law enforcement authorites

837.05

The five ____ Courts of Appeal decide appeals from circuit courts in most criminal and civil cases

District

The Florida Statutes and certain rules in the __________ approved by the Criminal Justice Standards and Training Commission (CJSTC) provide the requirements and standards for the training and certification process of Florida criminal justice officers.

FAC (Florida Administrative Code)

__________ are the federal trial courts presided over by U.S. district judges, who are assisted by magistrates.

U.S. District Courts