Logos
The means of persuasion by logical proof
Ethos
A persuasive appeal based on the projected character of the speaker or narrator.
Pathos
persuading by appealing to the reader's emotions
Alliteration
the occurrence of the same letter or sound at the beginning of adjacent or closely connected words.
Allusion
A reference to a well-known person, place, event, literary work, or work of art
Anaphora
the repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses
Antithesis
the direct opposite, a sharp contrast
Apostrophe
A figure of speech that directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or a personified abstraction, such as liberty or love.
Colloquialism
a word or phrase that is not formal or literary, typically one used in ordinary or familiar conversation.
Connotation
an idea or feeling that a word invokes in addition to its literal or primary meaning.
Denotation
The dictionary definition of a word; the direct and specific meaning
Diction
A writer's or speaker's choice of words
Epistrophe
the repetition of a word at the end of successive clauses or sentences
Euphemism
An indirect, less offensive way of saying something that is considered unpleasant
exemplum
an example or model, especially a moralizing or illustrative story.
Hyperbole
exaggeration
Imagery
Description that appeals to the senses (sight, sound, smell, touch, taste)
Irony
the use of words to convey a meaning that is the opposite of its literal meaning
Mesodiplosis
Repetition of the same word or words in the middle of successive sentences.
Metaphor
A comparison without using like or ask
Mood
Feeling or atmosphere that a writer creates for the reader
Oxymoron
A figure of speech that combines opposite or contradictory terms in a brief phrase.
Parallelism
similarity of structure in a pair or series of related words, phrases, or clauses
Personification
A figure of speech in which an object or animal is given human feelings, thoughts, or attitudes
rhetorical question
A question asked merely for rhetorical effect and not requiring an answer
Simile
A comparison using "like" or "as
Tone
Attitude a writer takes toward the audience, a subject, or a character