What was the name of the representative government of Virginia?
The House of Burgesses
Reasons why Jamestown struggled to survive their 1st year in Virginia
Spent too much time looking for gold and not working
Water-borne disease
Rotten, pest-infested food
Hit-and-run attacks by the Powhatans
The journey where African slaves were shipped west across the Atlantic Ocean to be sold in the Americas
The Middle Passage
What is representative government?
A government where members are elected by the people.
Examples of African Kingdoms who became wealthy & powerful by participating in the slave trade.
The Dahomey & Ashanti Tribes
What type of company was the Virginia Company?
A joint-stock company
What was the Virginia company's primary goal?
To make a profit
What is a joint-stock company?
A company where investors buy part ownership for a return of its future profits
Causes of European Exploration
Expand trade
Over-population of Europe
Spread Christianity
Gain wealth & power
New Technology
What French port town was located at the mouth of the Mississippi River?
New Orleans
Who were the Powhatans?
Native American tribe that constantly threatened the Jamestown settlers.
The widespread exchange of animals, plants, culture, humans, disease, and ideas between Americas and Europe following the voyage to the Americas by Christopher Columbus in 1492.
The Columbian Exchange
Large estates used for farming and owned by wealthy Dutch colonists.
Patroonships
What invention made books affordable to the common person which allowed the rapid spread of new ideas?
The Printing Press
Which European country treated the Native Americans brutally?
The Spainish
What was the first European country to begin trading African slaves?
Portugal
Which European country was the first to bring African slaves to the "New World" to work on large plantations?
Spain
The Aztecs were located in what modern day country?
Mexico
Most of the African slaves that were imported to the West Indies & Brazil were used for what purpose?
To work on Spanish sugar cane plantations
What was the main economic activity in New France?
Fur trading
Where is New France mainly located?
North America between the Rocky Mountains and the Appalachian Mountains. It also includes much of Canada and the Louisiana territory.
Which river runs through New France and empties into the Gulf of Mexico?
The Mississippi River
Who was the Native American that became friends with the colonists at Jamestown?
Pocahontas
What does New Amsterdam become after the English take over?
New York City
Which river influenced the French to settle in Quebec?
The St. Lawrence River
Why were European merchants & rulers anxious to find a sea route to reach China and India?
They wanted to trade for luxury goods such as spices, Chinese porcelain, Asian cottons and silks
Who became the leader of Jamestown?
John Smith
What was the most successful early settlement and capital of New France?
Quebec
What is Roanoke?
The very first English settlement. The people disappeared, never to be seen again.
What year was Jamestown founded?
1607
Why did Native Americans sometimes intentionally set fires?
To manage the land and attract large animals to hunt
What two groups of people did the Virginia Company recruit to settle their colony?
Poor, working-class males & wealthy, second-born gentlemen from noble families
What was "The Starving Time"?
The winter of 1609-1610 in Jamestown where nearly 500 colonists died. Some colonists even resorted to eating the dead to survive.
What do these things have in common?
smallpox - pigs - horses - cattle - sugar cane - grain - weeds
All of them were brought over from the Old World to the New World
What was the water route through North America that many European explorers searched for so they could travel from the Atlantic to the Pacific
The Northwest Passage
Which continent is south of Europe?
Africa
The Caribbean Islands are also known as what?
The West Indies
Which country is further north Spain or France?
France
Which country colonized the southwestern portion of North America, Mexico, and much of the West Indies and South America?
Spain
What colony is the settlement of Jamestown part of?
Virginia