HM Stanley
sent by Leopold II to the Congo to establish trading stations, sign "treaties" with African chiefs, and plant Leopold's flag. his actions ended up freaking out the French, so they sent an expedition to that area, too
Henry Labouchere
member of Parliament. against imperialism. mocked a famous poem of Kipling's.
Ismail Ali
Muhammad Ali's grandson. started his rule in 1863 as khedive. promoted irrigation networks--->cotton boom in European exports. finished the Suez Canal with France. reckless:owed European bondholders a lot. they forced him to appoint French and British com
JA Hobson
Imperialism." against imperialism. said in "Imp." the rush to get colonies was due to the economic needs of unregulated capitalism (particularly the need of the rich to find outlets for surplus stuff); only special-interest groups profited from them at t
Joseph Conrad
Heart of Darkness." talked about the pure selfishness of europeans in civilizing others. depicted Europeans as a liberal scholar who turns into a brute
Jules Ferry
called for Berlin conference. cooperated against the Brits with Bismarck. took Indochina.
Leopold II
Belgium. wanted central Africa. sent Stanley--worried the French.
Matthew Perry
opened Japan. steamed into Edo Bay and demanded diplomatic negotiations with the emperor. threatened to use military power if they didn't open trade. Japan eventually did-two port cities opened and more treaties and such gave more privileges and rights fo
Muhammad Ali
appointed governor of Egypt by the Turkish sultan. wanted to increase the military power of his state-->drafted the illiterate peasants, hired French and Italian officers to train them and Turkish leaders. reformed the government, cultivated new lands, an
Pierre de Brazza
sent by the French after Leopold started gaining central Africa. made treaty of protection with Teke tribe and started establishing a French protectorate on the Congo River
Rudyard Kipling
Brit. huge supporter of imperialism. exhorted Euros to unselfish service in distant lands. Wrote a poem about taking up the white man's burden.
Sun Yat-sen
Chinese. revolutionary leader. came from peasantry, educated in Hawaii by Christian missionaries. wanted to overthrow the Chinese dynasty altogether and establish a republic.
Tewfiq
Ismail Ali's son who took over when Ismail had to abdicate.
Afrikaners
Dutch in South Africa, South Africans descended from Dutch and French settlers of the seventeenth century. Their Great Trek founded new settler colonies in the nineteenth century. also called Boers
Asian Migrants
most went as indentured servants. often used as a replacement for slaves for the crabby jobs like mining. would go job to job looking for better opportunities-irritated a lot of people. took jobs other people wanted, which made local people mad. led to gr
Egyptian Nationalist Party
led by Colonel Ahmed Arabi, formed by nationalistic religious leaders in 1879. forced Ismail to abdicate in favor of his son Tewfiq.
European Immigrants
mostly small peasant landowners or village craftsmen whose way of life was threatened by too little land, estate agriculture, and cheap factory made goods.
Manchu Dynasty
The last imperial dynasty of China which was overthrown by revolutionaries. China thought of itself to be superior to other countries. Christian missionaries brought western style medicine, science, and schools. China was then carved by the great powers o
Hindu Indian National Congress
indians came together and demanded increase in equality and self governement that britian had granted other colonies (canada and austrailia)
Boxer Rebellion
Also known as The Boxer Uprising, this was the popular peasant uprising in China (supported nationally), that blamed foreign people and institutions for the loss of the traditional Chinese way of life. "Boxers" were traditionally skilled fighters that att
Opium War
War between Britain and the Qing Empire that was, in the British view, occasioned by the Qing government's refusal to permit the importation of opium into its territories; the victorious British imposed the one-sided Treaty of Nanking on China.
Sino-Japanese War
(1894-1895) Japan's imperialistic war against China to gain control of natural resources and markets for their goods. It ended with the Treaty of Portsmouth which granted Japan Chinese port city trading rights, control of Manchuria, the annexation of the
Berlin Conference
(1885) Meeting in Berlin, called by Bismarck to regulate European colonization of Africa - led to the scramble for Africa.
Great Trek
A migration of Dutch colonists out of British-controlled territory in South Africa during the 1830s., Movement of Boer settlers in Cape Colony of southern Africa to escape influence of British colonial government in 1834; led to settlement of regions nort
Great White Walls
Discriminatory laws that appeared in the 1880s in the United States and Australia and were designed to keep Asians out.
Khedive
the Egyptian word for prince, given as a title to Ismail
Meiji Restoration
when a group of young samurai took over politically for the Tokugawa shogunate, this was a result of American intrusion in the form of Commodore Matthew Perry. The samurais said they were restoring power to the Meiji emperor.
The overthrow of the Tokugawa
New Imperialism
Historians' term for the late-nineteenth- and early-twentieth-century wave of conquests by European powers, the United States, and Japan, which were followed by the development and exploitation of the newly conquered territories for the benefit of the col
Scramble for Africa
Sudden wave of conquests in Africa by European powers in the 1880s and 1890s. Britain obtained most of eastern Africa, France most of northwestern Africa. Other countries (Germany, Belgium, Portugal, Italy, and Spain) acquired lesser amounts. Set off by L
Treaty of Nanking
Treaty that concluded the Opium War. It awarded Britain a large indemnity from the Qing Empire, denied the Qing government tariff control over some of its own borders, opened additional ports of residence to Britons, and ceded Hong Kong to Britain.