ON November 11, 1918, the fighting stopped and the war ended because Germany finally signed an armistice, or
cease-fire
WWI resulted in the dissolution of 4 empires:
-Austro-Hungarian Empire
-Russian Empire
-Ottoman Empire
-German Empire
President Wilson called for the creation of a "general association of nations" known as the
League of Nations
Where did the American shatter German defenses and open a hole in their line with the most massive attack in American history?
St. Mihiel
Communist International
formed by the Soviet Union to coordinate the activities of Communist parties in other countries
general strike
involves all workers living in a certain location, not just workers in one particular industry
deported
expelled from the country
cost of living
cost of food, clothing, shelter, and other essentials that people need to survive
General Intelligence Division
special division within the Justice Department that eventually became the FBI
One of the largest strikes in American history began when steel workers went of strike for _____, _____, and _____.
-shorter hours
-higher pay
-recognition of their union
as strikes erupted across the US in 1919, the fear that Communists, or "Reds" as they were called, might seize power led to a nationwide panic known as the
Red Scare
Americans often linked radicalism with
immigrants
Who walked off the job in Boston in what was perhaps the most famous strike of 1919?
the police force
In addition to the soldiers returning from Europe who needed to find employment, many African Americans who had moved North were competing for jobs and housing, which resulted in
race riots
who overthrew Russia and established communism there?
Vladimir Lenin
when did Germany sign the armistice ending wwi
Nov 11 1918
Espionage Act of 1917
prison terms for anyone who aided the enemy
Schneck vs United States
can curb freedom of speech
what did Roosevelt want to establish in other countries?
democratic governments
who were the big 4
US
Britain
France
Italy
Zimmerman Telegram
intercepted by British
- said Mexico should ally itself with Germany. In reture, mexico would regain the land it lost to the US in the Mexican American war (TX, NM, AZ)
was wilson for or opposed to imperialism
opposed to
Diaz
leader of mexico who had to flee the counrty
Madero
replaced Diaz
Huerta
took mexico over and killed Madero
what did Wilson do to overthrow Huerta
sent marines
Pancho Villa
led a group of guerrillas to raid the US
Pershing
unsuccessfully led troops into Mexico to capture Villa
TRIPLE ALLIANCE
GERMANY
AUSTRIA-HUNGARY
ITALY
TRIPLE ENTENTE
FRANCE
BRITAIN
RUSSIA
where did WWI start
Balkans
who ran the WIB
bernard baruch
propaganda
information designed to influence opinion
Pancho Villa
led a group of Mexican guerrillas that burned Columbus, New Mexico
Central Powers
Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria
U-boats
German submarines
Triple Entente
Britain, France, and Russia
One reason the tension between the European powers was their intense pride in their homelands called ___.
nationalism
What country made an offer to the Mexican government proposing that Mexico ally itself with them if the US entered the European war?
Germany
A major problem in Germany's plan to invade France was that its forces had to advance through the neutral country of ____.
Belgium
President Wilson used the failure of the Mexicans to apologize for arresting American sailors as an opportunity to overthrow the Mexican leader, ____.
Victoriano Huerta
Since Germany didn't want to strengthen the Allies by drawing the US into the war, it agrees with certain conditions to sink no more merchant ships in a promise called the _______.
Sussex Pledge
Liberty Bonds and Victory Bonds
used to raise money to cover the costs of war
369th Infantry
African American unit that won the French decoration, Croix de Guerre, for gallantry
Sedition Act of 1918
made any public expression of opposition to the war illegal
Great Migration
when many African Americans left the South to settle in the Northern cities
War Industries Board
created to coordinate the production of war materials
Perhaps the most successful government agency during this time was the Food Administration run by
Herbert Hoover
To conserve energy, the Fuel Administration, run by Harry Garfield ________________, _____________, and ____________.
-shortened workweeks for factories
-didn't make war materials
-introduced daylight savings time
The fear of spies and emphasis on patriotism quickly led to the mistreatment and persecution of
German Americans
Realizing a draft was necessary, Congress, with Wilson's support, created a new system of conscription called
selective service
Early in 1917, what division of the military authorized the enlistment of women to meet its clerical needs?
Navy
General John J Pershing
commander of the American troops
Marshall Ferdinand Foch
supreme commander of the Allied forces
no-man's land
the space between opposing trenches
Bolsheviks
a group of communists
reparations
payments for war damages
Who overthrew the Russian government in November of 1917 and established a Communist government there?
Vladimir Lenin