What military restrictions were imposed on Germany by the Treaty of Versailles?
� The army was limited to 100,000 men.
� There was to be no conscription. All soldiers had to be volunteers.
� Germany was not allowed tanks, submarines or military aircraft.
� The navy could only have six battleships.
� The Rhineland was demilitarised.
What were Germany's main territorial losses under the Treaty of Versailles?
� Alsace-Lorraine was returned to France.
� Eupen, Moresnet and Malmedy were given to Belgium.
� West Prussia and Posen were given to Poland.
� Danzig was to be a free city under the League of Nations.
� Memel was given to Lithuania.
� The area known as t
What did Clemenceau want to achieve from the peace settlement of 1919-20?
� He wanted Germany to pay for the cost of the damage.
� He wanted revenge on Germany for all the suffering.
� He wanted revenge for the defeat in the war of 1870-71 and the loss of Alsace-Lorraine.
� He wanted to ensure Germany could not attack France ag
What did Wilson hope to achieve from the peace settlement of 1919-20?
� Wilson did not want Germany treated harshly because he thought that if Germany was punished severely then, in the future, Germany would want revenge.
� He wanted to strengthen democracy in the defeated nations so that its people would not let its leader
What did Lloyd George want to achieve from the peace settlement of 1919-1920?
� Lloyd George wanted to protect British interests by ending the threat to the Navy and Empire.
� He had promised the British public to "squeeze the German lemon until the pips squeak".
� To ensure that France did not become too powerful.
� Lloyd George d
Why did the aims of the 'Big Three' at Versailles differ? Why did they disagree over how to treat Germany? Why did the victors fail to get everything they wanted at Versailles?
� Wilson had his 'Fourteen Points'. He wanted these to be the basis for peace. At Versailles he was forced to compromise as others were less idealistic.
� Wilson was weakened by lack of support back home.
� Clemenceau wanted France to be secure from futur
Why did Clemenceau and Lloyd George disagree over how to treat Germany?
� Clemenceau wanted to secure France from future German attacks by reducing German military strength and taking back Alsace-Lorraine and taking the Saar and the Rhineland.
� Lloyd George wanted to reduce German strength but he did not want to make France
Why was Clemenceau dissatisfied with the Treaty of Versailles?
� Clemenceau wanted Germany broken up into many small states. This would have made them weak and therefore not a threat to France in the future. This was not acceptable to Wilson and Lloyd George.
� He had hoped to gain the Saarland permanently, but it wa
Why did the terms of the Treaty of Versailles cause so much bitterness/horror in Germany?
� They thought the terms of the Treaty were harsh and unreasonable and they were not allowed to negotiate them. They called the Treaty a 'diktat'.
� It left the new Weimar Republic vulnerable and open to revolution by extremists as with the Spartacus Leag
In what ways did the Treaty of Versailles weaken the German economy?
� Germany had to accept full blame for starting the war and, therefore, had to pay reparations of �6,600 million.
� A reduction in the numbers in the armed forces increased unemployment.
� The Saar and Upper Silesia were lost. These were important industr
Why did the Treaty of Versailles cause problems for Germany from 1919 to 1923?
� Germany thought the terms were harsh and unreasonable and they were not allowed to negotiate. This upset the German people.
� Many Germans did not realise they had lost the war and blamed the Weimar Republic for accepting the harsh terms of the Treaty.
How far did 'Clemenceau" achieve his aims at the Paris Peace Conference?
� Clemenceau had fought in the Franco-Prussian War and wanted revenge for France. He achieved a tough treaty on Germany, which could be considered revenge.
� Clemenceau also wanted security for France and this was achieved with the drastic reduction in th
How far did "lloyd George" achieve his aims at the Paris peace conference?
� Lloyd George had promised the British electorate to be tough on Germany, although he did not want to be too tough as Germany was a good trading partner. There is some evidence that he managed to moderate Clemenceau's tough demands.
� Lloyd George wanted
How far did 'Wilson" achieve his aims at the Paris Peace Conference?
Woodrow Wilson was able to use some of his Fourteen Points, the most notable being the establishment of the League of Nations.
� Wilson was able to achieve some self-determination in the formation of new states such as Poland, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuani
In what ways was the Treaty of Versailles designed to restrict Germany's ability to
attack France?
Alsace-Lorraine was returned to France.
The Rhineland was to be de-militarised.
The Saar Basin was to become a mandate under the League. It was handed over to France
for fifteen years. Eupen-Malmedy was handed over to Belgium and Northern Schleswig to Den
Why did the Treaty of Versailles punish Germany?
It was expected that if a country lost a war it would be punished by the victors. The French had been heavily punished in 1871 by the newly formed Germany and, therefore, Germany could expect similar treatment. Clause 231 had stated that Germany was solel
In what ways did the peacemakers of 1919-20 not deal successfully with the problems they faced.
The treaties left defeated countries very bitter and determined to get revenge. This is particularly true of Germany where Hitler gained support to overthrow the Treaty. The treaties failed in Central Europe as they created states with too many rival mino
In what ways did the peacemakers of 1919-20 deal successfully with the problems they faced.
Many at the time thought it was about right. A more generous treaty would not have been acceptable to the people of Britain and France who wanted compensation for loss of lives and damage. The treaties made some progress in giving self determination as re
What were mandates?
A mandate was territory taken from the defeated powers and controlled by the League of Nations. Most mandates were effectively controlled by Britain and France, but some went to Australia, South Africa, New Zealand and Japan.
What were plebiscites?
A plebiscite was when a popular vote was taken to determine to which country the population wished to be attached. Examples of plebiscites: North Schleswig voted to join Denmark and there was a plebiscite to be held over Saarland after 15 years of supervi
In what ways did peace settlements of 1919-20 not reflect the aims of President Wilson?
Wilson failed to get all his 14 Points as a basis for the peace settlements. Lloyd George resisted the freedom of the seas point as it would be against Britain's interests. Wilson did not want Germany treated harshly because he thought that if Germany was
In what ways did the peace settlements of 1919-20 reflect the aims of President Wilson?
Wilson hoped nations would co-operate to achieve world peace and in his 14th Point he proposed the setting up of an international body called the League of Nations. The establishment of the League was achieved. Wilson believed in 'self-determination' and
How did Clemenceau wish to punish Germany after World War One?
Clemenceau wanted Germany to pay for the cost of the damage. He wanted the return of Alsace-Lorraine. He wanted to ensure that Germany could not attack France again by taking land, weakening industry and reducing her armed forces. He wanted to split Germa
Why did Wilson want a 'league of nations'?
Wilson was horrified by the devastation of the First World War. He wanted to avoid this in the future and he felt a league of nations would be successful in achieving this.
'Wilson was a peace-loving man and an idealist who wanted to find solutions to pro