peninsulare
Spanish colonial society
creole
American born descendants of Europeans
mulatto
of European and African ancestry
Simon Bolivar
liberator" lead many revolts against Spanish rule
Jos� de San Mart�n
patriot, helped Argentina, Chile and Peru revolt.
Miguel Hidalgo
mexican priest and revolutionary
Jos� Mar�a Morelos
mexican priest, lead the Mexican War of Independence
How was Spanish colonial
society structured?
In a caste system, peninsulas, creoles, mulattos
How was the Haitian
Revolution different from
revolutions in the rest of Latin
America?
Latin American volutions were started by creoles born in the colonies
Which groups led the quest for
Mexican independence?
Indians and mestizos
Compare and contrast the leadership of the South American revolutions to the leadership of Mexico's revolution
The South American revolutions were successful, the Mexico one failed.
conservative
Europeans who wanted to keep monarchies
liberal
Europeans who wanted to grant power to parliament
radical
Europeans who wanted drastic change
nationalism
loyalty to the nation
nation-state
independent unit sharing culture
the Balkans
regions of southeastern Europe
Louis-Napoleon
Napoleon's nephew, president of the second republic
Alexander II
Russian tsar, emancipated serfs
How were radicals different
from liberals?
Liberals were mostly middle-class business leaders and merchants. Radicals favored drastic change to extend democracy to all people.
Why did France's Third
Republic fail?
Because both sides wanted different things, political vs. economic
What was the driving force
behind Russia's industrial
expansion?
Nationalism and the Crimean war loss
Why might liberals and radicals join
together in a nationalist cause?
They both want drastical change to parliament's power
Russification
policy forcing Russian culture on ethnic groups in the empire
Camillo di Cavour
Leader of the Italian unification
Giuseppe Garibaldi
Italian general and politician
Junker
...
Otto von Bismarck
German political leader
realpolitik
political realism based on power
kaiser
German, Austrian emperor
Which aging empires suffered
from the forces of nationalism?
Austrian Empire, Russian Empire, and Ottoman Empire
What role did Garibaldi play in
the unification of Italy?
Agreed to unite southern areas he had conquered
What advantages did Prussia
have in leading the German
states to unify?
the army gained power
How can nationalism be both a unifying and
a disunifying force?
It unifies people with similar interests, but leaves people out
romanticism
literary movement appealing to emotion
realism
artistic movement showing life as it was
impressionism
artistic movement portraying emotion
What was the key element of
romanticism?
deep interest in feelings and nature
What characteristics did
photography have that made it
the art of the industrial age?
photography was very precise, easy to print
What was the goal of
impressionist painters?
to show positive impressions
How are the movements
of romanticism and realism alike and different?
Romanticism is feelings, realism is facts.
Toussaint L'Ouverture
important leader of the Ha�tian Revolution