Imperialism
the extension of a nation's power over other lands
protectorate
a political unit that depends on another government
racism
belief that race determines a person's traits and capabilities
direct rule
colonial government in which local elites are removed from power and replaced by a new set of officials brought from the colonizing country.
indirect rule
colonial government in which local rulers are allowed to maintain their positions of authority and status
viceroys
governors who ruled as a representative of a monarch
Mohandas Gandhi
Indian independence leader
British East India Company
British power actively involved in India's political and military affairs
sepoys
Indians soldiers hired by the British East Indian Company
Rabindranath Tagore
Indian writer and poet
What were three motives for imperialism especially in Africa?
1. new markets for thier goods
2. Raw materials 3. Cheap labor
Access to trade in China was made easier with what country as a colony?
Philippines
Berlin Conference
Established rules for dividing Africa among European countries.
England
Colonial power with the most colonies in Africa.
Ferdinand de Lesseps
French diplomat responsible for building Suez Canal.
Cecil Rhodes
Wanted to link Africa with a railroad from the Cape to Cairo.
Why did educated Africans question Western rule?
Westerns did not apply their ideas of democracy, equality, and political freedom to African colonies.
Zulu
Fought British in southern Africa.
Boers
Dutch farmers who opposed British rule in southern Africa
Union of South Africa
The union of the Cape Colony and Boer Republics
How many wars were fought between the Ashanti and the British?
Four
Ethiopia
Only African state to remain free of European power.
Why did the Sepoy Mutiny or Great Rebellion begin?
Rumor that rifle cartridges were greased with cow and pig fat.
British reaction to Great Rebellion
Took away control of India from British East India Co.
What did Britain bring to India?
Political stability
Goal of Indian National Congress
Wanted a share of governing process
Roosevelt's actions in Columbia led to what country?
Panama
Roosevelt Corollary
Addition to the Monroe Doctrine asserting America's right to intervene in Latin American affairs
Dollar Diplomacy
The use of US financial resources to gain influence in Latin America
Porfirio Diaz
A Mexican dictator who ruled from 1876 to 1910. Disposed by the Mexican Revolution.
Francisco Madero
Forced Diaz from power and attempted government reforms
Emiliano Zapata
Leader of agrarian reform; aroused masses of landless peasants and began to seize and redistribute the estates of wealthy landholders
Mexican Constitution of 1917
Gave Mexican worker rights
How did Latin America gain prosperity?
When they began exporting goods to US and Europe
What group grew because of prosperity in Latin America?
Middle sectors