stepped up its own ICBM program
In response to increased US production of ICBMs and the American nuclear buildup in Europe, the Soviet Union
massacring more than 400 Vietnamese civilians, including women and children, in the hamlet of My Lai
Lieutenant William Calley dealt a blow to administration policy by
oust the government of Cuban nationalist Fidel Castro
The objective of the Bay of Pigs invasion was to
call a halt to the bombing of North Vietnam
One of the most important things that President Lyndon Johnson did in 1968 to boost the presidential campaign of fellow democrat Hubert Humphrey's was
the war in Vietnam had become America's war
the initiation of Operation Rolling Thunder in February 1965 was one sign that
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The Pentagon Papers were
South Vietnamese under the direction of the North Vietnamese army
The National Liberation Front in Vietnam was a group of
Students for a Democratic Society
The first major protest in the United States against the Vietnam War was organized in 1965 by
left the Johnson Administration because he believed the North Vietnamese wouldn't quit even with more and more bombings by US forces
In 1968, Secretary of Defense Robert S. McNamara, a strong supporter of US involvement in Vietnam,
made refugees of nearly 30 percent of the South Vietnamese people
By 1968, the Vietnam War had
key cities and every major American base in South Vietnam were attacked by the Vietcong and North Vietnamese forces
During the Tet Offensive of January 1968,
disrupting its work and spreading false information about activists
During the Vietnam War, the FBI's role in the peace movement included
thwart communism by fostering economic growth in developing nations
President Kennedy's Alliance for Progress was created to
meant a truce that ended the direct involvement of the United States in the war
From 1969 to 1972, Nixon and Kissinger pursued a four-pronged approach, which
a new focus on discussions with the Soviet Union on arms control and trade
The US policy of d�tente with the Soviet Union meant
called for the nation to apply more force and win the war
During the Vietnam War, America's hawks
began in 1969 and resulted a historic agreement signed by President Nixon in Moscow in 1972
The Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT)
protest, demonstrations, and riots
In the United States, President Nixon's decision to extend the Vietnam War to Cambodia was met with
the Vietnam Veterans Memorial was unveiled in Washington DC
In 1982, Vietnam veterans finally received a measure of public respect for their service when
met his demand for a "wider choice than humiliation or all-out nuclear action
President Kennedy's flexible-response strategy
contributed to internal disorder in the United States and the downfall of two presidents
In the end, the Vietnam War
Henry A. Kissinger
President Nixon's most important advisor on Vietnam and the Soviet Union was
South Vietnamese government and army proved to be ineffective, and their corruption and repression altered their own countrymen
In the early 1960s, General Maxwell Taylor believed that the United States should hold firm in Vietnam to show the Soviet Union that wars of national liberation were "costly, dangerous, and doomed to failure" They two major problems with Taylor's analysis
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President Nixon and his national security advisor, Henry Kissinger, believed that the deterioration of Soviet-Chinese relations
to bomb North Vietnamese sanctuaries there
President Nixon's unilateral decision to expand the war in Southeast Asia to Cambodia was designed
felt betrayed by the government for not allowing them to win the war, and by their countrymen for its lack of support for the war
Returning veterans of the Vietnam war in large part
Senator Robert F. Kennedy was assassinated
Shortly after peace negotiations for the war in Southeast Asia began in Paris in May 1968
president to take "all necessary measures to repel any armed attacks against the forces of the United States and to prevent further aggression
The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution authorized the
an unmitigated disaster
The Bay of Pigs invasion was
instigated a violent demonstration during the Democratic National Convention in Chicago
In 1968, Abbie Hoffman and Jerry Rubin
it was impossible to measure military success based on territory seized
In the Vietnam War, military officials began calculating their progress in body counts and kill ratios because
most served as nurses
Of the more than 7,500 American women who served in the Vietnam War,
it brought the war to the center of media attention and severely limited the Johnson administration's options
The movement in the United States to stop the Vietnam War was important primarily because
stop the mass exodus of East Germans to West Berlin
In 1961, East Germany erected a wall between East and West Berlin to
Americans who were outraged by assaults on traditional values by students and others
The presidential candidacy of George C. Wallace in 1968 appealed to
John F. Kennedy in his inaugural address in 1961
The words "we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe to assure the survival and the success of liberty" were spoken by
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The dire predictions of four presidents that a Communist victory in South Vietnam would cause all of Southeast Asia fall to Communism
work directly with the people in third world countries
The Peace Corps was launched by the Kennedy administration in 1961 to
the United States intervened in the internal affairs of the Dominican Republic without consulting the Dominican government or the Organization of American States
President Johnson's Latin American policy generated a new surge of anti-Americanism in that region in 1965 primarily because
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The War Powers Act
limiting defense spending and relying too heavily on nuclear weapons
President Kennedy criticized the Eisenhower administration's foreign policy for
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When Congress passed the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, it based its action on
now hoped to achieve its objective of a non-Communist South Vietnam by relying more heavily on the South Vietnamese
The Vietnamization of the Vietnam War in 1968 meant that the United States
of the disproportionately high death rate among black soldiers who were serving in Vietnam
The US military adjusted its personnel assignments in 1966 because
poor and working-class Americans
The single largest group of US soldiers in Vietnam was made up of
support for Israel following the Yom Kippur War
Arab nations launched an oil embargo against the United States in 1973 in response to the Nixon administration's
advanced weapons were ill suited to the guerilla warfare practiced by those forces
American officials assumed that the US military's superior technology and power would defeat the Communist forces in South Vietnam. The key flaw in their thinking was the fact that
brought the world's two superpowers perilously close to nuclear war
The thirteen-day Cuban missile crisis of 1962
it underscored the credibility gap between official statements and the war's actual progress
The Tet Offensive was an important turning point for President Lyndon Johnson because
the war could not be won at a bearable cost
One of the practical reasons for protesting the Vietnam War was the belief that